Report of the Board of Trustees of the Northern Michigan Asylum at Traverse City June 30, 1902.

Report of the Board of Trustees of the Northern Michigan Asylum at Traverse City June 30, 1902.

Asylums--Michigan--Traverse City--History.

Psychiatric hospitals.

Report of the Board of Trustees of the Northern Michigan Asylum for the biennial period ending June 30, 1902. This report includes the reports of the medical superintendent, treasurer and steward.

Board of Trustees of the Northern Michigan Asylum at Traverse City.

Original document held by Traverse Area District Library.

Lansing: Robert Smith Printing Co., State Printers and Binders.

30 June 1902

State of Michigan.

This document is in the public domain.

See other reports from the Board of Trustees in the "Traverse City State Hospital" Digital Collection.

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English.

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TCSH0015

Traverse City, Grand Traverse County, Michigan.

REPORT

BOARD OF TRUSTEES

MICHIGAN ASILU
T R A V E R S E CITY
JUNE 30, 1902

BY AUTHORITY

LANSING, MICH.
ROBEET SMITH PRINTING CO., STATE PRINTERS AND BINDERS
1902

THE NORTHERN MICHIGAN ASYLUM.

OFFICERS OF THE NORTHERN MICHIGAN ASYLUM.

TRUSTEES.

H. C. DAVIS
CHAS. F. BACKUS
THOS. T. BATES
W. W. MITCHELL
GEO. A. HART
D. B. BUTLER

TBAVEBSE CITY.
DETBOIT.
TRAVERSE CITY.
CADILLAC.
MANISTEE.
FBANKFORT.

RESIDENT OFFICEBS.

JAMES D. MUNSON, M. D
A. S. ROWLEY, M. D
J. F. CANAVAN, M. D.,
*
W D. MUELLER, M. D.,
>>
M. P. KEMP, M. D.,
W. F. KIRKBRIDE, M. D., J

MEDICAL SUPEBINTENDENT.'
ASST. MEDICAL SUPERINTENDENT.
•

ASSISTANT PHYSICIANS.

NON-RESIDENT OFFICEBS.

C. L. WHITNEY
W. P. MANTON, M. D

STEWARD
DETROIT, MICH., GYNECOLOGIST.

CHAPLAIN.

REV. D. COCHLIN

TEAVEESE CITY.

TREASURER.

J. T. HANNAH

TEAVEESE CITY.

EEPOET OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES.

To the Governor and Legislature of the State of Michigan:
In accordance with the provisions of the law, the trustees of the Northern Michigan Asylum have the honor to submit their report for the biennial period ending June 30, 1902, and also the reports of the medical
superintendent, treasurer and steward.
. Seventeen regular meetings of the board, and one special meeting,
were held. Monthly visitations of the asylum by a committee of the
trustees have been made, as heretofore.
We are glad to be able to bear witness to the continued excellent condition of the asylum and to the general well-being of the patients. The
amount of organic disease among the patients admitted was somewhat
greater than formerly, but the institution has been comparatively free
from acute illness, and but one serious accident has occurred—the death
by drowning of a male patient.
In November, 1901, owing to the widespread prevalence of smallpox in
the State, it was required that patients be vaccinated previous to admission, or else be accompanied by a certificate from the health officer or
family physician to the effect that the patient was immune from a previous successful vaccination, or that he had not been exposed to the disease within thirty days.
In January, 1902, a patient was received
accompanied by a certificate from the health officer that "to his personal
knowledge she had not been exposed to smallpox during a period of sixty
days." About six days after admission she came down with smallpox.
Notwithstanding the most strenuous efforts to limit the spread of the
disease, 33 cases occurred among the patients and nurses before it terminated. Fortunately the disease was mild and there wTere no fatalities.
The contagium of smallpox must be extremely volatile. The first case
was isolated at once on the hospital ward, about 70 feet distant from the
nearest ward in the main building, and the nurses attending her did not
visit any other part of the institution. The first case to appear outside the hospital ward was on Hall 10 in the female department, and the
first case to appear on the male side was on Hall 1, both wards adjoining the administration building. The other cases followed irregularly
throughout the institution. Four or five cases occurred in the south cottage, the most remote building from the institution and wThere there had
been no communication with smallpox cases either through the physicians
or nurses. This point is mentioned merely to emphasize the fact that
if contagious-disease hospitals are built in connection with our institutions, their location must be as remote as possible.

NORTHERN

MICHIGAN

ASYLUM.

It is gratifying to state that during the period just closed the asylum
has been able to receive and to care for every patient for whom application was made. During the first part of the period very few curable
cases were admitted, but during the last few months a much larger
number has been received. The number of recoveries has been correspondingly larger, and this proves that it is true economy for the State
to provide for the prompt treatment of the mentally afflicted.
The number of patients treated during the period was: Males, 776;
females, 645; total, 1,421. The number of patients admitted was:
Males, 191; females, 180; total, 371. Of this number there were admitted
at county expense as follows:
Alpena
Antrim
Arenac
Alcona . . .
Benzie . . .
Bay
Charlevoix
Clare
Cheboygan
Emmet
Grand Traverse
Gratiot
Isabella
losco
Ionia
Kalkaska
Lake

8 Leelanau
21 Manistee
5 Mason
Mecosta
Midland
Missaukee
Montcalm
Montmorency
16 Mnskegon
7 Newaygo
17 Oceana
29 Ogemaw
6 Osceola
1 Presque Isle
27 Eoscoinmon
5 Wexford .
5

Military State
Non-resident State
Permanent State
Private

8
20
20
12
13
7
25
2
21
8
7
1
6
2
2
4
1
15
8
25

Of the 371 patients admitted:
8 had been confined in county-houses.
19 had been confined in jails.
11 had been treated in other asylums.
60 were said to have been destractive.
47 had attempted or threatened suicide.
59 were homicidal or had made homicidal assaults.
74 had been confined or restrained at home.
As compared with the preceding period, the number of patients thathad been confined in county-houses, jails, and other asylums, was very
much less—38 as against 76—while the number of suicidal patients was
greater. The number of homicidal cases was about the same.
There were 104 more patients admitted during the period than during
the one preceding. While at the beginning of the biennial period about
40 patients were awaiting admission, on July 1, 1902, there were none
uncared for in the district.

REPORT OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES.

7

On April 8, 1902, the new cottage for men was opened, and there are
now about thirty vacancies in the male department. The female department is overcrowded, but a cottage nearing completion will afford room
for about fifty more, leaving about thirty vacancies.

COST OF MAINTENANCE.

The cost of maintenance of patients includes their medical treatment,
etc., ordinary repairs to buildings, farm improvements, walks, fences,
care of grounds, the replacing of wornout furniture, machinery, and the
like; but the salaries of officers, clothing, and such damages as patients
may do to the buildings or furniture, are a separate charge. We can
see no reason why these last items of expense should not be included
in the rate charged for maintenance and the special appropriation for
officers' salaries, etc., be discontinued. The daily rate of maintenance
should include every item attending the keeping of the asylum in the
highest state of repair and efficiency. It is manifestly unfair to the
institution paying these expenses out of its current expense fund that
another should receive legislative aid to cover such expenditures.
The cost of maintenance for each patient per day for the last seventeen years has been as follows:
1885-6
1887
1888
1889
1890-1
1892-3
1894
1895
1896
1897-8
1899-1900

Cents.
53
52
51
50
49
48
47
46
44
42
44

The rate has been fixed for 1902 at 44 cents per day.
The net increase of patients for each biennial period since the opening of the institution has been as follows:
From
From
From
From
From
From
From
From
From

1886 to 1888
1888 to 1890
1890 to 1892
1892 to 1894
1894 to 1896
1896 to 1898, a decrease of
1898 to 1900, an increase of
1900 to 1901
1901 to 1902

148
131
123
150
53
4
41
37
45

«

NORTHERN MICHIGAN ASYLUM.

The number of patients discharged during the period was: Males, 149;
females, 140; total, 289. Of this number 25 were discharged recovered,
123 improved, 9 unimproved, and 132 died. The percentage of recoveries
on the total number under treatment was 1.7; on the number admitted in
1900-1901, 3.4, and 1901-1902, 10 per cent.
The death rate was 55 per thousand in 1900-1901 and in 1901-02, 55 per
thousand.
The readmissions for the period were: Males, 32; females, 26; total, 58.
The readmissions from the beginning have been: Males, 141; females,
120; total, 261; and the total number of admissions, 3,215, therefore represents but 2,954 individuals.
The daily average number of patients for the period was 1,086.6. The
number of weeks spent in the institution by patients was 113,219. This
was an increase of 67.7 in the daily average, and an increase of 7,056
weeks' board over the preceding period.
On June 30, 1902, there were 1,001 patients under treatment at State
expense, 113 at county, and 18 at private expense.
There were 235 persons employed by the asylum on June 30, 1902, in
the positions and at the wages given in the schedule accompanying this
report.
During the period five patients were admitted whose residence was
found to be in other states. They were all referred to the Attorney General, with the result that four were returned to their own states. The
fifth patient died before the case was adjudicated. We feel that a good
deal of credit is due to the Attorney General for the efforts put forth in
these cases.

IMPROVEMENTS.

About the usual improvements have been required on the farm and to
the buildings. During the past year a physician's residence has been
finished, and a cellar for the storage of farm and garden produce was
built in connection with the stock barns. The steam mains have been
extended from the central heating plant to all the cottages but three,
increasing the efficiency of the heating plant and lessening the danger
from fire. A. large amount of cement walk has been laid and the basements of several of the cottages have been concreted. The four iron water
tanks in the attics of the main building rusted out, necessitating repairs,
which were completed during the pi^esent season, thus insuring to the
institution an ample supply of pure water at all times.

SPECIAL APPROPRIATION—$21,367.

This appropriation was made by the last Legislature (see Act 109,
Public Acts 1901) "for the erection of one cottage to accommodate fifty
male patients, complete in every particular." This appropriation became
available May 8, 1901. Steps were at once taken for the erection of a

REPORT OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES.
cottage in keeping with the plans and specifications approved by the
State Board of Corrections and Charities and by the State Board of
Health. This cottage is practically a duplicate of those built two years
ago and is well adapted for the treatement of an intermediate class of
cases. The floor space is ample and the number of single rooms is somewhat greater than in the cottages heretofore built. This building is
located between cottages A and B and has a charming outlook; The
basement is of stone and the superstructure of brick. With the exception of the doors it is finished throughout in hardwood. It is heated by
steam from the central plant, is lighted by electricity, has spray and tub
baths, ample fire protection, and is complete in all its appointments.
The cottage was completed in 1902. Its cost was as follows:
Wages
Stone, brick, lime, cement and paint
Heating, range, etc
Lumber, shingles and frames
Hardware and iron
Telephones, locks, electric
fittings
Tile, drains, baths
Furniture and bedding

16,961 40
6,234 88
1,423 19
3,793 01
659 50
636 11
696 23
962 68
|21,367 00

SPECIAL APPROPRIATION—$21,367.

This appropriation was passed by the last Legislature "for the erection of one cottage to accommodate fifty female patients, complete in
every particular." This cottage is a duplicate of the one above described.
It is located between cottages N and C and its site is especially pleasing.
Its cost was as follows:
Wages
Stone, brick, lime and cement
Lumber, shingles and frames
Heating, etc.
Hardware and iron
Telephones, locks and electric
Tile, drains and baths
Furniture and bedding

•

fittings

|8,108 10
6,013 64
3,438 84
1,303 17
589 88
640 83
652 40
620 14
$21,367 00

We regret to report that the appropriation for this building is not
quite sufficient to complete it. The building is practically finished, but
only a part of its furnishings have been purchased from the appropriation. It will require a few hundred dollars more to completely furnish it.
We would respectfully state that the estimates for these buildings
were based upon the cost of the cottage for men built the previous year.
During 1901 wages and the price of lumber materially increased, which
accounts for the fact that the buildings could not be built within the
amount appropriated for them. They are in many ways model buildings
and particularly well suited for the class of patients that will be assigned to them.
2

10

NORTHERN MICHIGAN ASYLUM.

SPECIAL APPROPRIATION—$2,850.

This appropriation was granted by the last Legislature "for the purchase, setting up and steam connections for one 150 H. P. water-tube
boiler." In June, 1901, a contract was entered into with the Aultman &
Taylor Mfg. Co., of Mansfield, Ohio, for one 175 H. P. "Cahill" horizontal
sectional water-tube boiler (one h. p.—30 Ibs. water evaporated every hour
from 100 deg. at 70 Ibs. pressure) in the sum of $2,475, erected complete
on foundation, leaving boiler ready for steanvwater and blow-off connections. We are glad to report that the appropriation was sufficient to
secure a 175 H. P. instead of a 150 H. P. boiler, as provided by the appropriation, and to make all the required steam connections. This boiler has
been in satisfactory operation nearly a year.

SPECIAL APPROPRIATION—$3,860.

This appropriation was made by the last Legislature "for repairs to
roofs and gutters of the main building of the asylum." Only a small
part of these repairs have been attempted and the present -season has
been thus far so wet that it has been impossible to open up the roofs
preparatory to the necessary repairs. There still remains in the hands
of the treasurer to the credit of this appropriation $8,778.20.

SPECIAL APPROPRIATION—$3,200.

This appropriation was authorized by the last Legislature "for the purchase of forty acres of land adjoining the asylum farm." The State came
into possession of this property June 7, 1901. Apart from its value for
garden and agricultural purposes, this land is especially valuable to the
institution, since it will forever prevent the near approach of the city
upon the hospital domain.
It was provided in the act making these appropriations that "if the
amount designated in this section (I) for any one of the purposes stated
be insufficient to complete the work or purchases, any surplus after completion of the other work or purchases specified in this section may be
used in the account or accounts where such deficiency exists, the intent
of .this proviso being to make the entire fifty-two thousand six hundred
and forty dollars available for the purposes stated herein." It is possible
that there may be a sufficient balance left in the appropriation for repairs
to roofs and gutters after this work has been finished to more than make
up the deficiency in the appropriation for the cottages.
The Legislature of 1899 passed an appropriation of f5,450 for the erection of a home for nurses. This building was commenced in the summer
of 1901 and is nearly completed. There has been expended upon it the
following amounts:

REPORT OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES.
Wages
Stone, brick and lime
Lumber, shingles and frames
Heating
Hardware and iron
Locks and electric fittings .

$2,427 83
1,296 34
831 01
122 10
65 62
76 06
|4,818 96

On June 30, 1902, there was in the hands of the treasurer to the credit
of this appropriation $581.04. The Nurses' Home will accomodate thirty
nurses. It is provided with a parlor, library, kitchen, dining-room, bathroom, etc., in fact has all the conveniences of a modern home. This
building will be ready for occupancy during the coming summer and
will add much to the comfort and health of the nurses and in turn will
increase their efficiency.
The pathological laboratory and fireproof vault, for which the Legislature of 1899 made appropriations, are nearly finished. On June 30,
1902, there remained in the hands of the treasurer, of the appropriation
for the fireproof vault, $218.39, and of the appropriation for the pathological laboratory, $255.07. These sums will be needed in the near future
for additional shelving in the vault and for scientific apparatus for the
laboratory.

NEEDS OP THE ASYLUM.

We would respectfully request of your honorable body an appropriation of f3,325 for the construction of a sewer from the asylum to Boardman Eiver. The present sewer was laid in 1885, when the institution
accommodated only 500 patients. It is six inches in diameter, and has
been large enough until within the last few years. Many new cottages
have been added from time to time, until now the sewer is too small and
frequently breaks through the joints and overflows through the vents
and catch basins, which, from their near location to the buildings, render
them unsanitary and dangerous to the health of the asylum population.
It is thought that a twelve-inch seAver for the first 1,000 feet, ten-inch for
the next 1,000 feet, and the balance of the distance eight-inch, will be
ample for the sewage of the institution even if more buildings are added.
A new sewer is imperative and we respectfully ask that you give the
matter favorable consideration.

INCREASED ACCOMMODATIONS.

The cottages just built will not more than meet the needs of this asylum
district for the coming fiscal year, and to promptly provide hospital treatment for the insane of the district during the next two years, will require
additional room for 60 patients of each sex. We would respectfully re-

12

NORTHERN

MICHIGAN ASYLUM.

commend to your honorable body that an appropriation be made of $24,000
for a cottage for 60 men and $24,000 for a cottage for 60 women, in connection with this asylum. .
We would respectfully ask your honorable body to consider the feasibility and desirability of a separate institution for the epileptic. If a
colony could be established by the State for the care of this class of
patients, the institution at Lapeer be enlarged and converted into a hospital, or home, for the care of the feeble-minded, and if both these classes
could be removed from our asylums, no additional asylum room would
be needed except that asked for above, which would afford hospital accommodations sufficient to care for the occurring cases of insanity during
the next two years, by which time the new institution would be able to
relieve the existing hospitals of a large proportion, if not all, of the
epileptic and feeble-minded patients. We would especially urge your
honorable body to establish an institution for epileptics. At present
there are in this institution 88 epileptics and 61 imbeciles. It is an injustice to the insane, the epileptic and the feeble-minded alike, to mingle
them in the same institution. It will cost the State less in the long run
to make provision for their separate care, and we believe that the results
of treatment for each class would be greatlv enhanced by such a measure.

ADDITION TO LIBRARY.

WTe would respectfully request from your honorable body an appropriation of $500 for the purchase of books for the patients' library. The
library is greatly used and is a constant source of pleasure and profit
to the larger proportion of the asylum population. Many of the original
books are worn beyond repair, and it seems especially necessary that the
library should be large enough to meet the needs of the institution.

.HOSPITAL FOR TUBERCULOUS WOMEN PATIENTS.

Two years ago the Legislature was asked for an appropriation of
$12,067 for a hospital for the care and treatment of fifteen tuberculous
women patients. While the Legislature appreciated that some provision should be made for the care of such cases, it was not thought
advisable at that time. We would respectfully request your honorable
body to give this matter most thoughtful consideration and appropriate
$12,000 for a hospital for the care of fifteen tuberculous women. During the last seventeen years the deaths from tuberculosis to 1,000 of the
asylum population were as follows:
1885-6,
1887-8,
1889-90,
1891-2,
189-3-4,

7 to
16 to
8 to
10 to
15.6 to

1,000.
1,000.
1,000.
1,000.
1,000.

1895-6,
1897-8,
1899-1900,
1900-01,
1901-02,

10.6 to 1,000.
6 to 1,000.
7.8 to 1,000.
9.1 to 1,000.
5 to 1,000.

REPORT OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES.

13

Constant effort has been made for several years past to limit the spread
of tuberculosis among our people. Since two years ago one of the wards
in the female department has been used for the separate treatment of
this class of cases. A careful examination was made of the women
patients and all those found to be suffering from consumption or suspected to be suffering from it, were transferred to this ward.
Between 15 or 20 per cent of all the deaths in the institution have been
caused by tuberculosis. This year it is less than 10 per cent, but
whether the separate care of these patients has brought about this favorable result only time can determine. However, we believe that it is the
duty of the State to protect the non-tuberculous from the tuberculous
patients and nurses alike, and we cannot too strongly urge upon your
honorable body the necessity for this appropriation.

PORCHES.
The plans of the main building will show that the exits are located in
the angles formed by the joining of the various "extensions," or blocks,
of wards, and that with two exceptions there are no direct exits from
the wards. The passage ways to the exits are narrow, leading to much
jostling of patients; the outdoor landings, or porches, are small and in
winter dangerous from ice on the, steps and especially so from accumulations of snow and ice falling from the roof during soft weather, dashing violently onto the steps and sidewalks and frequently breaking the
porch roofs. Some slight accidents have occurred to patients from
this cause, and frequently the danger is so great that the use of these
exits is temporarily prohibited. It may be said of the main hospital
building that it has no porches suitable for the exercise, pleasure or
treatment of delicate, feeble patients in the open air. It has been recently
discovered that several of these porches must be repaired, and we do not
believe this would be good business policy. The cost of such repairs
would be a large part of the cost of capacious closed-in porches, which
could be used as sun rooms during our long winters, for the benefit of
all classes of patients. We would respectfully recommend that four new
porches be built, and request that your honorable body appropriate
|4,500 for this purpose.

ELECTRIC STORAGE BATTERY.

An appropriation of $8,800 is respectfully requested for the installation, in connection with the lighting plant, of a storage battery of sufficient capacity to furnish light to the institution between the hours of
8 p. m. and 5 a. m., and power at such times as the amount required is
less than 150 amperes for 8 hours at a terminal pressure of 110 volts.
The apparatus desired will consist of about 65 accumulator cells, together with a switchboard and the necessary apparatus for operation.

14

NORTHERN

MICHIGAN

ASYLUM.

An engine and generator are now run constantly, Sundays excepted, the
load varying from the maximum to almost no load. From the time the
lights are turned on in the evening until 8 p. m., and again from 4:30
a. m. until the lights are turned off in the morning, the load is at its
maximum. In the interval between these hours the load varies from 75
to 225 amperes. It is figured that during the winter the average coal per
kilo-watt at the switchboard is about 10.2 pounds, and it is estimated that
with the maximum load, 16 pounds per kilo-watt hour will be consumed,
and during the period of light load, 20 pounds. During the summer the
difference in efficiency will probably be even more marked, due to the
fact that the light load amounts to a smaller per cent of the full load
ratings than during the winter and the average coal per kilo-watt would
amount to 14.7 pounds. Using as a basis for estimating a plant equipped
with chloride accumulators, with conditions very similar to ours, a saving
is estimated in fuel consumption of at least 25 per cent, which means that
an average of 400 pounds per hour, or 2,400 pounds per day, would be
saved, which amounts to f 1,380 per year. We feel that even a larger saving would actually be effected, as probably the battery would carry the
load more than 6 hours per day. By allowing the battery to carry this
load between the hours of 10:30 p. m. and 6 a. m. in winter and 10 p. m.
and 4 a. m. in summer, it will be possible to save the salary of one man,
as the battery would need no attention while operating. This, on a basis
of $40 per month, amounts to f 480 per year, making a total saving effected
by the battery of $1,860. Small savings would also, of course, be effected
in oil, etc. Figuring interest and depreciation on an investment of $8,800
at 10 per cent and subtracting this sum from the gross earnings of the
battery, a net saving of about fl',000, or about 12 per cent on the investment, would result. The wear of engines and boilers has not been included; this would amount to a considerable sum in the course of each
year. We would strongly urge upon your honorable body this appropriation, as it will pay for itself in a few years.

ADDITION TO BAKERY.

The sum of $6,785 is respectfully requested for reconstructing the asylum bakery. This department has not kept pace with the great growth
of the hospital and is too small for its needs. Even at the beginning of
the institution the bakery was scarcely large enough to supply 500
patients. It is very important that the institution should be provided
with an up-to-date bakery, including ovens and machinery for bread,
cracker and cake making. We would particularly call your attention to
the necessity for this appropriation, estimates for which may be found
among the estimates submitted to the State Board of Corrections and
Charities.

REPORT OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES.

15

THE FARM, GARDEN AND GROUNDS.

The farm now consists of 668 acres—200 acres in parks and lawns, 75
acres of stump lands in process of clearing, and the remaining 393 acres
under cultivation. The value of the farm products during the past two
years was f 68,007.46, as follows:
Food used by the institution
$55,372 47
Products used in the production of meat,
milk, etc
9,035 60
Wood, logs, etc
996 13
Hides
1,273 51
Stock and meat sold
1,264 77
Miscellaneous sales
64 98
,007 46

The total expenditures upon the farm in labor amounted to $42,210.69,
which sum includes not only farm expenses proper, but also the cost of
draining, clearing and fencing, making streets, grading, etc., care of
grounds, the hauling of supplies, mail and express, and teaming of all
kinds. To the above sum should be added $9,035.60, the value of crops
used for farm purposes, leaving a net profit to the farm of $16,761.17.
Much of the work done has been of a permanent nature, adding to the
value of the asylum property. An itemized statement of the farm receipts
and expenditures will be found in the steward's report.

RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS.

The total receipts of the asylum for the fiscal year ending June 30,
1901, including cash on hand and credits on special appropriations'
accounts, were $268,926.42; and the total disbursements for the same
period, including special appropriations, were $216,143.85.
The total receipts of the asylum for the fiscal year ending June 30,
1902, including cash on hand and credits on special appropriations'
accounts, were $284,152.69; and the total disbursements for the same
period, including special appropriations, were $256,990.72.
There was at the close of the biennial period ending June 30, 1902,
$36,315.08 in the hands of the treasurer, $31,482,38 of which amount was
to the credit of the current expense account, and the balance, $4,832.70,
unexpended balances to the credit of special appropriations' accounts.

OFFICERS.

In 1901 Hon. T. T. Bates, of Traverse City, was reappointed as trustee.
Mr. Bates has been connected with the institution from its beginning,
and the value of his services has been very great in the upbuilding of
the hospital. His reappointment was not only a just recognition of his
services, but of the greatest benefit to the institution.

16

NORTHERN MICHIGAN ASYLUM.

In 1901, Hon. W. W. Mitchell, of Cadillac, was appointed to succeed
Hon. H. D. Campbell, an ad interim appointee. Mr. Mitchell brings to
the board a large business experience, and from the first has taken a deep
interest in all that pertains to the best interests of the institution.
In 1901 Gen. Geo. A. Hart, of Manistee, was appointed to succeed
Hon. W. W. Cummer, of Cadillac, whose term of office had expired. Gen.
Hart had previously served on the board. He has always taken an active
interest in the institution, and his appointment was highly appreciated.
In 1901 Dr. Homer C. Brigham, of Grand Rapids, was appointed to the
board to succeed Hon. John Maywood, of Bad Axe, who had resigned.
Later in the year Dr. Brigham resigned, and in 1902 Hon. D. B. Butler, of
Frankfort, was appointed in his place.
In July, 1900, Dr. C. A. Good of the medical staff resigned his position
to enter private practice, and in August, 1900, Dr. G. L. Noyes resigned
his position on the staff to accept a position in the University of Michigan.
In November, 1901, Dr. F. P. Lawton resigned to enter private practice.
Dr. Noyes had been a member of the staff about five years, Dr. Good
two years and Dr. Lawton over three years. These resignations were
received with especial regret, since the work of these officers in the hospital had been of the highest practical and. scientific value.
In July, 1900, W. D. Mueller, M. D., of Muskegon, and in July, 1901,
W. J. Kirkbride, M. D., of Findlay, Ohio, were appointed to the staff.
It is with deepest sorrow that we record the death, July 4th last, of
Mrs. Mary S. Munson. Mrs. Munson had been a faithful co-worker with
her husband during all the years since the first opening of the institution. Her interest in the asylum, and her efforts for the comfort and wellbeing of the patients were very marked. The good of the institution was
always made her highest duty, and she will be sadly missed by all connected with the asylum in any way; and this is especially so with the.
Board of Trustees, who will always remember with pleasure her gentle,
courteous manner, and the glimpses they were permitted to enjoy of the
happy home life of which she was the center.
We desire in this connection to express our appreciation of the efficient
and faithful work done by the superintendent. Dr. J. D. Munson, and
his able assistants of the medical staff, and of Steward C. L. Whitney,
and the attendants and other employes of the institution.

Traverse City, June 30, 1902.

G. A. HART,
T. T. BATES,
H. C. DAVIS,
C. F. BACKUS,
W. W. MITCHELL,
D. B. BUTLEE,
Trustees.

TREASURER'S REPORT.

ABSTRACTS
OF ACCOUNTS CURRENT OF THE RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS AT THE NORTHERN MICHIGAN ASYLUM FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING
JUNE 30, 1901.

THE STATE OF MICHIGAN, In account with J. T. Hannah, Treasurer of Northern Michigan
Asylum for month ending July si, 1900.
CREDITS.
By balance on hand July 1, 1900
$38,153 81
Cash from State Treasurer :
Account of officers' salaries
2,737 50
Cash from other sources
4,547 ~
$45,438 99
DEBITS.

To disbursements :
Account of officers' salaries
Account of Library
Account of Female Hospital for Acute Insane.
Account of Male Hospital for Acute Insane. . .
Account of current expense
Balance on hand to new account

$2,737
142
1,718
29
14,237
26,573

50
22
15
19
96
97

$45,438 99

THE STATE OF MICHIGAN, In account with J. T. Hannah, Treasurer of Northern Michigan
Asylum, for month ending August SI, 1900.
CREDITS.
By balance on hand August 1, 1900
$26,573 97
Casli from State Treasurer :
Account of Pathological Laboratory
1,500 00
Account of fire-proof vault
1,500 00
Account of current expense
28,597 33
Cash from other sources
1,739 74
$59,611 54
DEBITS.
To disbursements :
Account of Pathological Laboratory
$461 58
177 48
Account of fire-proof vault
Account of Female Hospital for Acute Insane. .
4,334 05
Account of current expense
10,413 54
Balance on hand to new account
44,224 89
$59,611 54
THE STATE OF MICHIGAN, In account with J. T. Hannah. Treasurer of Northern Michigan
Asylum, for month ending September SO, 1900.
CREDITS.
By balance on hand September 1, 1900
Cash from State Treasurer :
Account of current expense
Cash from other sources

$44,224 89
14,298 90
478 29

$59,002 08

18

NORTHERN MICHIGAN ASYLUM.
DEBITS.

To disbursements:
Account of Pathological Laboratory
Account of Library
Account of fire-proof vault
Account of B^emale Hospital for Acute Insane
Account of current expense
Balance on hand to new account

..

$480 04
202 02
325 05
1,388 68
14,281 14
42,325 15

".

$59,002 08

THE STATE OF MICHIGAN, In account with J. T. Hannah, Treasurer of Northern Michigan
Asylum, for month ending October SI, 1900.
CREDITS.
By balance on hand October 1, 1900
Cash from State Treasurer :
Account of officers' salaries
Account of current expense
Cash from other sources

$42,325
2,666
12,969
,3,324

15
85
58
78

$2,666
158
140
152
2,759
37
25,426
29,944

85
02
04
90
33
75
84
63

$61,286 3&

DEBITS.

To disbursements:
Account of officers' salaries
Account of Pathological Laboratory
Account of library
Account of fire-proof vault
Account of Female Hospital for Acute Insane
Account of Male Hospital for Acute Insane
Account of current expense
Balance on hand to new account

$61,286 36

THE STATE OF MICHIGAN, In account with J. T. Hannah, Treasurer of Northern Michigan
Asylum, for month ending November SO, 1900.

By balance on hand November 1, 1900.
Cash from State Treasurer :
Account of current expense
Cash from other sources

$29,944 63
12,969 58
1,029 21

.

$43,943 42

DEBITS.

To disbursements :
Account of Pathological Laboratory. • • •
Account of Female Hospital for Acute Insane
Account of current expense
Balance on hand to new account

*23 14
1,542 85
14,017 29
28.360 14

$43,943 42

THE STATE OF MICHIGAN, In account with J. T. Hannah, Treasurer of Northern Michigan
Asylum, for month ending December 31, 1900.

By balance on hand December 1, 1900
Cash from State Treasurer :
Account of current expense
Cash from other sources

$28,360 14
12,969 60
382 58

$41,712 32

DEBITS.

To disbursements :
Account of Female Hospital for Acute Insane
Account of Male Hospital for Acute Insane
Account of current expense
Balance on hand to new account

—

$73
34
14.357
27,246

24
50
90
68

$41,712 32

REPORT OF THE TREASURER.

19

THE STATE OF MICHIGAN In account with J. T. Hannah, Treasurer of Northern Michigan
Asylum, -for month ending January SI, 1901.
CREDITS.
By balance on hand January 1, 1901
Cash from State Treasurer:
Account of officers' salaries
Account of current expense
Cash from other sources

—

To disbursements :
Account of officers' salaries
Account of current expense
Balance on hand to new account

$27,246
2,562
16,644
5,294

68
50
37
68

$2,562 50
16,619 35
32,566 38

$51,748 23

$51,748 23

THE STATE OF MICHIGAN, In account ^t>ith J. T. Hannah, Treasurer of Northern Michigan
Asylum, for month ending February %8, 1901.

By balance on hand February 1, 1901
Cash from State Treasurer :
Account of current expense
Cash from other sources
To disbursements :
Account of current expense
Balance on hand to new account

$32,566 38
15,342 36
550 75

$48,459 49

DEBITS.

$11,707 54
36,751 95

$48,459 49

THE STATE OF MICHIGAN, In account with J. T. Hannah, Treasurer of Northern Michigan
Asylum, for month ending March 31, 1901.
CREDITS.
By balance on hand March 1, 1901
Cash from State Treasurer :
Account of nurses' building
Account of current expense
Cash from other sources

$36,751
483
15,342
612

To disbursements :
Account- of fire-proof vault
Account of current expense
Balance on hand to new account

95
54
34
79

$18 83
18,809 00
34,362 79

$53,190 62

$53,190 62

THE STATE or MICHIGAN, In account with J. T. Hannah, Treasurer of Northern Michigan
Asylum, for month ending April SO, 1901.
CREDITS.
By balance on hand April 1. 1901
Cash from State Treasurer :
Account of officers' salaries
Account of current expense
Cash from other sources
To disbursements :
Account of officers' salaries
Account of current exi>ense
Balance on hand to new account

$34,362 79
2,5fi2 50
12,702 11
3.609 07

$53,236 47

DEBITS.

$2,562 50
13.537 11
37.136 86

$53,236 47

20

NORTHERN MICHIGAN ASYLUM.

THE STATE OF MICHIGAN, In account with J. T. Hannah,, Treasurer of Northern Michigan
Asylum, for month ending May SI, 1901.
CHEDITS.

By balance on hand May 1, 1901
Cash from State Treasurer:
Account of 40 acres of land
Account of nurses' building
Account of current expense
Cash from other sources
To disbursements :
Account of current expense
Balance on hand to new account

$37,136
3,200
4,916
12,702
1,555

86
00
46
11
61

$59,511 04

DEBITS.

$19,079 25
40,431 79

$59,511 04

THE STATE OF MICHIGAN, In account with J. T. Hannah, Treasurer of Northern Michigan
Asylum, for month ending June SO, 1901.
CREDITS.
By balance on hand June 1, 1901
Cash from State Treasurer:
Account of cottage for females
Account of cottage for males
Account of current expense
Cash from other sources

$40,431 79

To disbursements :
Account of cottage for females.
Account of cottage for males...
Account of 40 acres land
Account of current expense
Balance on hand to new account.

5,000
5,000
12,702
1,262

00
00
10
82

$378
829
3,200
14,520
45,468

25
42
00
85
19

$64,396 71

$64,396 71

SUMMARY.
THE STATE OF MICHIGAN, In account with J. T. Hannah, Treasurer of Northern Michigan
Asylum, for fiscal year ending June SO, 1901.
CREDITS.
By balance on hand July 1, 1900
Cash from State Treasurer :
Account of officers' calaries
Account of Pathological Laboratory
Account of fire-proof vault
Account of nurses' building
Account of 40 acres land
Account of cottage for females
Account of cottage for males
Account of current expense
Cash from other sources

.

$38,153
10,529
1,500
1,200
5,400
3,200
5,000
5,000
167,240
24,388

81
35
00
00
00
00
00
00
88
00

$10,529
11,816
101
484
1,122
674
378
829
3,200
187,007
45,468

35
30
44
28
78
26
25
42
00
77
19

$261,612 04

DEBITS.

To disbursements:
Account of officers' salaries
Account of Female Hospital for Acute Insane.
Account of Male Hospital for Acute Insane.
Account of library
Account of Pathological Laboratory
Account of fire-proof vault
Account of cottage for females
Account of cottage for males
Account of 40 acres land
Account of current expense
Balance on hand to new account

$261,612 04

REPORT OF THE TREASURER.

21

ABSTRACTS
OP ACCOUNTS CURRENT OF THE RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS AT THE NORTHERN MICHIGAN ASYLUM, FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING
JUNE 30, 1902.

THE STATE OF MICHIGAN, In account with J. T. Hannah, Treasurer of Northern Michigan
Asylum, for month ending July 31, 1901.
CEEDITS.

By balance on hand July 1, 1901
Cash from State Treasurer:
Account of officers' salaries
Account of current expense
Cash from otber sources

To disbursements :
Account of officers' salaries
Account of cottage for females
Account of cottage for males
Account of fire-proof vault
Account of current expense
Balance on hand to new account

$45,468
2,662
14,525
4,480

19
80
99
93

$2,662
2,097
2,085
229
13,852
46,210

80
39
35
00
69
68

$67,137 91

DEBITS.

$67,137 91

THE STATE OF MICHIGAN, In account with J. T. Hannah, Treasurer of Northern Michigan
Asylum, for month ending August SI, 1901.

By balance on hand August 1, 1901
Cash from State Treasurer:
Account of new boiler
Account of current expense
Cash from other sources

$46,210
2,850
14,525
798

68
00
99
66

To disbursements :
Account of cottage for females
Account of cottage for males
Account of nurses' building
Account of current expense
Balance on hand to new account

$2,506
5,104
231
14,984
41,558

10
83
70
42
28

$64,385 33

$64,385 33

THE STATE OF MICHIGAN, In account with J. T. Hannah, Treasurer of Northern Michigan
Asylum, for month ending September SO, 1901.
CREDITS.
By balance on hand September 1, 1901
Cash from State Treasurer:
Account of cottage for females
Account of cottage for males
Account of current expense.
Cash from other sources

—

$41,558
16,367
16,367
14,525
805

28
00
00
97
16

$89,623 41

22

NORTHERN MICHIGAN ASYLUM.

To disbursements:
Account of new boiler
Account of cottage for females
Account of cottage for maies
Account of current expense
Balance on hand to new account

if 1,237
2,278
1,605
11,415
73,086

50
23
57
23
88

$89,623 41

THE STATE OF MICHIGAN, In account with J. T. Hannah, Treasurer of Northern Michigan
Asylum for month ending October 31, 1901.
CREDITS.

By balance on hand October 1, 1001
Cash from State Treasurer :
Account of officers' salaries
Account of current expense
Cash from other sources

$73,086
2,639
13,333
4.305

88
72
76
30

$2,639
53
1,427
3,368
2,608
927
23,803
58,537

72
20
34
04
41
84
30
81

$93,365 66

DEBITS.

To disbursements :
Account of officers' salaries
Account of repairs roofs and buildings
Account of new boiler
Account of cottage for females
Account of cottage for males
Account of nurses' building
Account of current expense
Balance on hand to new account

$93,365 66

THE STATE OF MICHIGAN, In account with J. T. Hannah, Treasurer of Northern Michigan
Asylum, for month ending November SO, 1901. '
CREDITS.
By balance on hand November 1, 1901
Cash from State Treasurer :
Account of current expense
Cash from other sources

$38,537 81
13,333 76
943 22

To disbursements :
Account of new boiler
Account of cottage for females
Account of cottage for males
Account of nurses' building
Account of Pathological Laboratory
Account of current expense
Balance on hand to new account

$110
4,384
2,180
1,963
84
16,058
48,033

00
02
47
94
65
47
24

$72,814 79

$72,814 79

THE STATE OF MICHIGAN, In account with J. T. Hannah, Treasurer of Northern Michigan
Asylum, for month ending December 31, 1901.
CEEDITS.

By balance on hand December 1, 1901
Cash from State Treasurer:
Account of current expense
Cash from other sources

To disbursements :
Account of cottage for females
Account of cottage for males
Account of nurses' building
Account of current expense
Balance on hand to new account

$48,033 24
13,333 78
486 92

$2,381
3,339
399
16,825
38,907

69
21
45
77
82

$61,853 94

$61,853 94

REPORT OF THE TREASURER.

23

THE STATE or MICHIGAN, In account with J. T. Hannah, Treasurer of Northern Michigan
Asylum, for month ending January SI, 1902.
CREDITS.
By balance on hand January 1, 1902
Cash from State Treasurer :
Account of officers' salaries
Cash from other sources

,.

To disbursements:
Account of officers' salaries
Account of new boiler
Account of cottage for females
Account of cottage for males
Account of nurses' building
Account of current expense
Balance on hand to new account

.$38,907 82
2,662 50
5,211 73

$2,662
75
1,100
1,809
73
18,414
22,645

50
16
50
93
81
73
42

$46,782 05

$46,782 05

THE STATE or MICHIGAN, In account with J. T. Hannah, Treasurer of Northern Michigan
Asylum, for month ending February 28, i992.
CREDITS.
By balance on hand February 1, 1902
Cash from State Treasurer:
Account of current expense
Cash from other sources

$22,645 42
32,365 57
2,767 21

To disbursements :
Account of cottage for females
Account of cottage for males
Account of nurses' building
Account of current expense
Balance on hand to new account

'

$350
1,138
11
16,953
39,324

05
11
38
72
94

$57,778 20

$57,778 20

THE STATE OF MICHIGAN, In account with J. T. Hannah, Treasurer of Northern Michigan
Asylum, for month ending March SI, 1SOZ.
CREDITS.
By balance on hand March 31, 1902
Cash from State Treasurer:
Account of current expense
Cash from other sources

To disbursements:
Account of cottage for females
Account of cottage for males
Account of current expense
Balance on hand to new account

$39,324 94
15,353 53
528 05

$55,206 52

DEBITS.

$310
307
13,683
40,905

37
54
13
48

$55,206 52

THE STATE OF MICHIGAN, In account with J. T. Hannah, Treasurer of Northern Michigan
Asylum, for month ending April SO, 1902.
CREDITS.

By balance on hand April 1, 1902
Cash from State Treasurer :
Account of officers' salaries
Account of current expense
Cash from other sources

$40,905
2,662
13,299
4,400

48
50
09
31

$61,267 38

24

NORTHERN MICHIGAN ASYLUM.
DEBITS.

To disbursements:
Account ol officers' salaries
Account oJ cottage for females
Account of nurses' building
Account of current expense
Balance on hand to new account

•

$2,662
772
285
19,165
38,380

50
75
75
56
82

$61,267 38

THE STATE OF MICHIGAN, In account with J. T. Hannah, Treasurer of Northern Michigan
Asylum, for month ending May 31, 190?..
CEEDITS.
By balance on hand May 1, 1902
Cash from State Treasurer:
Account of repairs roofs and buildings
Account of current expense
Cash from other sources

To disbursements :
Account of cottage for females
Account of cottage for males
Account of nurses' building
Account of current expense
Balance on hand to new account

$38,380
3,860
13,299
799

82
00
08
31

$1,042
188
395
17,912
36,801

13
25
00
46
37
•

$56,339 21

$56,339 21

THE STATE OF MICHIGAN. In account with J. T. Hannah, Treasurer of Northern Michigan
Asylum, for month ending June SO, 190i.
CREDITS.
By balance on hand June 1, 1902
Cash from State Treasurer :
Account of current expense
Cash from other sources

$36,801 37
13,299 08
1,043 69

To disbursements :
Account of repairs roofs and buildings
Account of cottage for females
Account of cottage for males
Account of nurses' building
Account of current expense
Balance on hand to new account

$51,144 14

DEBITS.

$28
397
169
46
14,186
36,315

60
48
91
55
52
08

$51,144 14

SUMMARY.
THE STATE OF MICHIGAN, In account with 3. T. Hannah, Treasurer of Northern Michigan
Asylum, for fiscal year ending June SO, 19K.
CREDITS.

By balance on hand July 1, 1901
Cash from State Treasurer :
Account of officers' salaries
Account of new boiler
Account of cottage for females
Account of cottage for males
Account of repairs roofs and buildings
Account pf current expense
Cash from other sources

$45,468
10,627
2,850
16,367
16,367
3,860
171,195
26,570
—

19
52
00
00
00
00
60
49
• $293,305 80

REPORT OF THE TREASURER.
To disbursements :
Account of officers' salaries
Account of cottage for females
Account of cottage for males
Account of fire-proof vault
Account of nurses' building
Account of new boiler
Account of repairs roofs and buildings
Account of Pathological Laboratory
Account of current expense
Balance on hand to new account

25

DEBITS.

•

$10,627
20,988
20,537
229
4,335
2,850
81
84
197,256
36,315

52
75
58
00
42
00
80
65
00
08

$293,305 80

We have carefully examined the accounts of J. T. Hannah, Treasurer
of the Northern Michigan Asylum, for the biennial period ending June 30,
1902, and have compared the same with the books and vouchers; and verified the same by further comparison with the books of the steward and
hereby certify to the entire correctness of them.
T. T. BATES,
G. A. HAET,
W. W. MITCHELL,
Auditing Committee.

STEWARD'S REPORT.

FOR THE BIENNIAL PERIOD ENDING JUNE 30, 1902.

ANALYSIS OF EECEIPTS

AND DISBURSEMENTS FOR THE BIENNIAL PERIOD
ENDING JUNE 30, 1902.

RECEIPTS.

Maintenance, etc., State patients
Maintenance, etc., county patients
Maintenance, etc., private patients
Farm
Sundry accounts
SPECIAL APPKOPKIATIONS :
Officers' salaries
New boiler
Cottage, males
Cottage, females
Roofs and buildings
Fire-proof vault
Pathological Laboratory
Nurses' building
Forty acres land

•.

$335,475
41,421
5,572
2,653
4,271

93
93
58
16
37

21,156
2,850
21,367
21,367
3,860
1,200
1,500
5,400
3,200

87
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00

,

$471,295 84

D1SEUP.SEMSNTS.
SALAKY AND WAGES
FOOP :
Meat and
Butter
Flour
Sugar
Coffee
Tea
Miscellaneous
CLOTHING
LAUNDRY:
Wages
Machine
Soda
Tallow
Starch and bleaching
Electric irons
Washing account
Soap making
Clothes line
Tubs and baskets
Blue
Felt
Wringers
Ink

$96,676 97
fish,

$39,470
19,119
10,608
5,887
4,074
1,295
20,237

37
35
29
73
62
75
21

,
fittings
,

$6,530
30
246
434
375
12
56
341
118
22
12
9
32

98
00
05
81
48
74
00
48
48
30
43
80
00
00

100,693 32
24,368 51

8,222 55

27

REPORT OF THE STEWARD.
HEATING :
Wages
Coal
LIGHT :
Wages
Wire
Electrical supplies
Lanterns
Oil and candles
MEDICAL SUPPLIES :
Drugs
STATIONERY AND I'KINTING :
Telephones
Books and blanks
Treasurer's account
Postage
Stationery
Printing
Letter
Pictures for Report
Directory
Typewriters
Ledger
AMUSEMENT AND INSTEUCTION :
Music
Fireworks
Entertainment
Medical books
Games
Catalogues
Library
Piano tuning
Circus tickets
Music books
HOUSEHOLD SUPPLIES :
Dry goods
Crockery
Hardware
Soap
Utensils
Picture moulding
Toilet paper
Brooms and brushes
Insect powder
Sewing machines
Refrigerator
Silverware
Metal polish
FURNITURE AND BEDDING :
Carpet
Bedding
Furniture
Mattresses
Hair
Linoleum
Blankets
Curtains
IMPROVEMENTS AND REPAIRS :
Wages
Iron and castings
Lumber
I'aint
Oement work
Pipe, etc
Giass
Hardware
Well
Brick and lime
Sewer pipe
Cable
Kooflng
Wall paper
Stone
Mantels
Tanks
Pipe covering
,
Fire clay

$4,060 57
33,172 94
$2,699
2
905
3
73

45
72
98
51
82

$3,767 95

,

flies

$209 98
249 70
63 75
360 00
196 50
489 06
5 29
46 00
3 00
180 00
15 00
$32
32
76
133
62
44
43
6
37

-.

00
88
50
04
63
10
95
00
00
63

$4,593
] ,068
1,633
852
1,162
35
383
465
25
68
20
162
10

80
62
70
61
32
59
19
76
00
00
52
90
55

1,752
4,667
463
381
430
13
509
56

32
28
72
85
23
74
10
95

$21,240
1,707
3,178
1,710
4,043
3,018
130
1,329
686
612
416
10
142
107
1,103
120
317
154
6

84
86
65
91
43
69
50
70
24
58
06
50
16
02
22
00
93
53
80

$37,233 51

3,685 48
3,767 95

1,818 28

468 73

10,482 56

8,275 19

40,037 62

28

NORTHERN MICHIGAN ASYLUM.

TOOLS AND MACHINERY :
Tools
Packing
Valves
Belting
Machinery
Oil
Boiler Inspection and Ins
Boiler tubes
Pressure gauge
Belt lubricant
Ladders
Ladder wagon
Charts
Belt covering
FARM, GARDEN, STOCK AND GROUNDS :
Wages
Manure
Implements
Stork
Seeds
Dynamite
Blacksmith
Paris green
Feed
Harness repairs
Veterinary
Straw
Glass
Fertilizer and land plaster
Hay
Plants
Drain pipe
Trees
Fencing
Horse
Flower pots
FREIGHT AND TRANSPORTATION :
Superintendent's expenses to board meetings, etc
Steward's expenses purchasing supplies
Physician's expenses attending Pathological meetings
MISCELLANEOUS:
Amounts charged back
Tndertaker's expenses
Expenses home
Expenses return
Expenses elopement
Refunded money
Expenses Pathologist
Miscellaneous
SPECIAL APPROPRIATIONS :
Officers' salaries
,
Female hospital
Male hospital
Pathological laboratory
Fire-proof vault
Library
New boilers
Forty acres land
Cottage, males
Cottage, females
Nurses' building
Repairs, roofs and building

$312 93
94 01
185 29
9 92
297 15
182 48
261 15
37 60
9 49
49
426 48
114 00
6 00
3 80

,

$19,100 28
1,081 55
528 80
9,188 82
726 27
41 00
325 79
55 89
8,455 27
69 64
56 30
521 40
18 00
206 05
1,278 13
55 33
155 44
26 90
115 96
175 00
28 87
$86 42
220 60
73 88

•

$146 70
246 40
552 71
183 64
16 90
121 17
81 70
2,651 50
$21,156 87
11,816 30
101 44
1,207 43
903 26
484 28
2,850 00
3,200 00
21,367 00
21,367 00
4,335 42
81 80

$1,940 19

42,210 69

380 90

4,000 72

88,870 80
$473,134 57

REPORT OP THE STEWARD.

29

FARM REPORT FOR THE BIENNIAL, PERIOD ENDING JUNE 30, 1902.

11

11

Beans, bushels.

Quantity.

Price.

4 360

$00 10

$436 00

1
19
102
1

i oo
30
25

$1 00
5 70
25 50

5 00

$5 00

184
156

80
1 00

$147 20
156 00

20
40
50

$297 80
26 80
10 50

1.489

K
«i

67
21

11
n

Cabbage, heads

11

11

Celery, heads

08

231
645

50
80

$115 50
516 00

34,680
1,279

04
05

$1,387 20
63 95

7,739
21
12

15
30
50

$1,160 85
6 30
6 00

10,865
782
417

02

03
25

$217 30
23 46
104 25

50
1 00

1293 50
351 25

568
55

08
10

$45 44
5 50

909
17

08
50

$72 72
8 50

25
363

05
10

$1 25
36 30

64
149

12
12H

$7 68
18 62

7'/£

09 .

587

"
bushels
Cauliflower, heads

Eggs (veg.), dozen

1
6

1 50
2 00

$1 50
12 00

12

$7 72

64 J^

116
15

12J£

13

69 %

14

75
6V4
275£
18

TTodder, peas and rye,
"
corn and oats tons
Grapes, bushels
Hay, tons

-

Wt

15
16
20
24

00
00
00
00

14 50
1 97
9 76
11 26
1 04
5 55
4 32

$46
1,588
88
247

00
50
00
20

11
61

4
6
8
4

43

1 00

$43 00

31
30754

6 00
8 00

S186 00
2,460 00

10

264 %

Lettuce, pounds
11
11

4 230

15

$423 00
73 75
1,066 50

Logs, feet
Mint, dozen

6 000

4 00

$24 00

15

05

75

590

7 110

!2)<r

Total.

3220

5 03

$987 21
7,484 56
1,693 06

13,162%
93,557
18,811

351M

Cherries, quarts. -

Amount.

10,164 83

1,451 15

1,173 15
315 01
644 75
50 94
81 22

26 30

56 12

1,969 70
43 00
2,646 00

1,563 25

30

NORTHERN

MICHIGAN ASYLUM.

FARM BEPORT.—Continued.
Quantity.

11

tl

If

11

tl

/

(!

It

ft

11

*

$0 15

$1,314 75

1,575
900
6 515

01
02
02

$15 75
18 00
130 30

1,244,619

02

$24,892 38

898
798

25
40

$224 50
319 20

425
1 300
40
36
46

04
05
10
60
80
1 00

354
33^

75
1 00

$265 50
33 50

210
86)£

80
1 00

$168 00
86 50

16

1 00

$16 00

1 877
225

15
40

$281 55
90 00

7,729
6,712
288

25
50
75

$1,932 25
3 356 00
216 00

5,650
7
19

01
2 00
10 00

$56 50
14 00
190 00

2,866
27,545
18, 845
2,694

05
06
07
08

1,652 70

75

$10 12

13%

11
11

a
a

Tomatoes, bushels
11
ii
11
it

._
-

00
00
00
60
20
00

$143 30
1,319 15
215 52

136

08
04
05
06
10

12,425
115

' 02
04

$248 50
4 60

3,125

08

$250 00

288

bushels

17
65
4
21
383
46

8,070
1,605
7,323
2,060

25,350
4,000
11
9H

"

Amount.

8,765

479

11

Price.

80
25
38
00

50

$144 00
$253
60
22
142

2 00
15 00

50
00
00
50

135

05

6 75

70

05

$3 50

4
12

5 00
6 00

$20 00
72 00

2,638
149

08
2 50

$211 04
372 50

146
7494f
72 Ji
20

50
1 00
2 00
2 00

$1,314 75

24,892 38
543 70

536 80
299 00
254 50
16 00

260 50

3,330 67

$10 88

$322
80
439
206

01

iy,

Total.

$73
749
145
40

00
25
00
00

1,048 43
253 10,
250 00
144 00

478 00
6 75

92 00
583 54
967 25
40 00

31

REPORT OF THE STEWARD.
FAEM REPORT.—Concluded.
Quantity.

Price.

3,303
1,130
131

(0 15
20

Turnips, bushels..

14

40
50

Amount.
$495
226
39
5
19

45
00
30
60
00

Veal, pounds-

174
2,380

10

15 66
232 00

Wood, cords.

652
20

1 00
1 35
1 50

$652 00
25 00
284 25

Stock sold
Hides sold
Miscellaneous cash sales.

Total.

961 25

$1,264 77

1,273 51
64 98

Total...

2,603 26
$68,007 46

SUMMARY.
SUMMARY OF INVENTORY, NORTHERN MICHIGAN ASYLUM, JUNE 30, 1902.
Farm and grounds
$47,160 00
Buildings
658,084 00
Stock on farm
10,926 00
Produce from farm and garden
65,404 20
Farm implements and barn
fixtures
3,643 31
Administration building
8,099 18
Pathological laboratory
889 00
Dispensary, stock and
fixtures
940 27
Library and chapel
1,302 65
Wards
31,322 42
Cottage A
2,121 03
B
1,89191
C
2,524 03
D
3,387 27
B
901 27
F and (1
4,047 18
H
2,881 92
K
2,044 98
N
3,068 41
Kitchens and bakery
4,905 32
Laundry
4,577 85
Engine room and work shops
3.567 56
Stores : Groceries and provisions
2,816 01
Boots and shoes
1,100 16
Dry goods
5,130 80
Crockery
163 74
Steel enameled ware
159 32
" Silver-plated ware
91 96
Notions
1,247 77
Hardware and miscellaneous
822 02
" Clothing and men's furnishings
4.194 26
Meats
883 74
Store, furniture and
fixtures
326 63
$880,626 17

EEPOET OF THE MEDICAL SUPEKESTTEKDENT.

To the Board of Trustees:
Gentlemen—I have the honor to submit the following report of the
principal operations and events of the asylum for the biennial period
ending June 30, 1902. The movement of population has been as follows:
TABLE I.—For t/ie biennial period.
Males. Females. Total.

Patients.
Remaining under treatment June 30, 1900 .
Admitted

Discharged

--.

___

_

Discharged recovered
Died -.

—

--.-

-

--

585
191

465
180

1,050

776
149

645
140

1.421

627

505

1,132

11
50
7
81

14
73

25
123

51

132

2

371

289

9

From the beginning.
Males. Females. Total.

Patients.
Total admitted

_ .

Discharged recovered
Discharged improved
Discharged unimproved
Died
Total discharged
Remaining under treatment June 30, 1902 ..

--

1,780

1,435

3,215

242
397
94
420

169
381
85
295

411

1,153

930

2,083

627

505

1,132

778
179
715

REPORT OF THE MEDICAL SUPERINTENDENT.

33

On June 30, 1900, there remained under treatment 1,050, and on June
30, 1902, 1,132 patients, an increase of 82 patients during the period.
Since the opening of the cottage for men in March, 1901, and that for
women in November, 1901, no patients have been kept awaiting admission.
The number of patients discharged recovered was larger than for the
previous two years, while the number discharged improved was greater.
The number of vacancies in the male department is about 20, and in
the female department about 40. The male department will soon be again
at its full capacity, while there will be room in the women's department
for about one year to come. Two cottages should be built within the next
two years, unless the incoming Legislature makes provision for the insane
elsewhere.
The number of admissions, 371, exceeded that of the previous period
by 104.
The smallest number of patients under treatment was 1,040; the largest
1,133.
The death rate for the year ending June 30, 1901, was 5.5 per cent,
and for the year ending June 30, 1902, 5.5 per cent.
The following table will show the sex, age, form of mental disease and
cause of death of those who died:
TABLE II.
Sex.
Male
Male
Male
Male
Male
Male
Male
Male
Female
Male
Male
Female
Male
Male
Male
Male

46
38

Female
Male
Female
Male
Male

Poland

..

6i

Form of disease.
C. II, Paranoia
C. I, Epilepsia .

Ohio

59
37
55
48
59

New York...

A. II,
B. It,
C. II,
B. II,

48

Canada
Unknown

B. II. General paralysis
C. I. Epilepsia
C. II, Paranoia..-

26
57
54
•56
35
35
44
52
31

Sweden
Poland

Michigan.
New York

36

69

Dementia
General paralysis
Paranoia General paralysis

Pare tic seizure.
Apoplexy.
Paretic seizure.
Paretic seizure.
Status epilepticus.
Apoplexy.

A. II, Delusional
A. II, Dementia

Exhaustion.
.

Tuberculosis.

A.I, Mania

Pyelonephritis.

C. I. Epilepsia
C. Ill, Imbecility
B. II, Organic brain
C III. Imbecility
B. II, Senility

Tuberculosis.
Apoplexy.
Cardiac disease.

A. I, Melancholia

Cardiac disease.

Cardiac disease.

C. II, Periodical

Apoplexy.

C. II, Paranoia

Cardiac disease.

Ohio
Canada

B. II, General paralysis
A. II, Dementia

Ohio

B II Senility
B. II Senility

Paretic seizure.
Cardiac disease.
Status epilepticus.

42

8L

-. Tuberculosis.
..„__.

B II Organic brain

56
42
73
55
55

Cause of death.

B. II, Senility

47

26
Male
27
Male
Male
57
Male
30
Female .. 73

Male
Male
Male

Nativity.

Age.

34

NORTHERN MICHIGAN ASYLUM.
TABLE II.—CONTINUED.
Sex.

Female
Female
Male
Male

77

Male
Male

51
81
23
69
54

Male

Female
Male
Male

43
57
63

60
44
29
55
20
39

Female ~
Male
Male
Female

52

Male
Female

43

Female
Male
Male
Male
Male ..
Male
Male
Female
Male
Male
Male
Male
Female

Form of disease.

B. II, Senility _-_
B II, Senility ..

Ohio
Unknown ___
Michigan

C II Paranoia
B. It. Senility
A. II, Dementia..
A. II, Dementia

New York

A. II, Dementia..
C. I, Epilepsia .
C I Epilepsia

Ohio

A. II, Dementia B II Senility
C 1 Epilepsia

69
31

16
69
53
75
49
51
42
16
~~66~~

67
70
39
67

56
69

New York
Unknown

Ohio

Pyelonephritis.

.

... Tuberculosis.

C. I, Neurasthenia

Cardiac disease.

B. II,
B. II,
B. II,
C. II,
B. II,
B II.
C II
B II

Paretic seizure.
Exhaustion.
Paretic seizure.
Cardiac disease.
Paretic seizure.
Cardiac disease.
Apoplexy.
Paretic seizure.

Organic brain
Delirium grave
General paralysis
Paranoia ..
General paralysis
Senility
Periodical
Senility

B II Senility
C. II, Paranoia

Norway

Acute transverse myelitis.

54

A. II,
B. II,
B II
B. II
C I

Female.... 77
Pennsylvania ,_
Male....
"62~~ Unknown .-_
Male
Male
Male
35
Female
Male
Male
Male

48
58
48

Male
Female
Female
Female
Female

63
26
35

Female
Male
Male
Male.
Female

Tuberculosis.
Tuberculosis.
Apoplexy.

C II Periodical

38
56

69

Cause of death.

A. II, Delusional

76
60
55

Male....
Male
Male
Male

Female
Male

Nativity.

Age.

B II General paralysis
A. II, Dementia..
_
C I Epilepsia

41

58

79
35

Vermont
Michigan

83

63
4ft
34

63

DelusionalGeneral paralysis
Senility
Delirium grave
Epilepsia

Unknown
Sweden,. _ .

..

C. I. Epilepsia
B. II. Senility.
B. 11, General paralysis
B. II, Senility
C. I, Epilepsia
B. II, General paralysis
A. II, Dementia...

Cancer.
Paretic seizure.
Exhaustion.
Exhaustion.
Status epileptieus.
Paretic seizure.
, ... Paretic seizure.
Bright's disease.
TuberculosisCardiac disease.
Suffocation.
Brain tumor.
Exhaustion.
Paretic seizure.
Apoplexy.
Status epilepticus.
Status epileptieus.
Paretic seizure.
Cancer.

35

REPORT OF THE MEDICAL SUPERINTENDENT.
TABLE II.—CONCLUDED.
Sex.

Male
Male

Age.

Form of disease.

Nativity.

A. I, Melancholia
C. I Epilepsia
C. I, Epilepsia

Tuberculosis.
Status epilepticus.
Status epilepticus.
Paretic seizure.
C. II, Paranoia
Arterio-sclerosis.
Pernicious aneemia.
C. II, Paranoia
G.I, Epilepsia
.-. __ Suffocation.
B. II, Senility
Pneumonia.
Chronic gastritis.
C. Ill, Imbecility
C. Ill, Imbecility
. Tuberculosis.
Paretic seizure.
B. II, General paralysis
.. Paretic seizure.
Cardiac disease.
B I Toxic
Paretic seizure.
Paretic seizure.
B. II, General paralysis
Exhaustion.
B. II, Senility
Endocarditis.
C. I, Neurasthenia
Paretic seizure.
C. II, Periodical
Tuberculosis.
A. II, Dementia
. ... Arterio-sclerosis. ,
B II Senility
Exhaustion.
B. II, Delirium grave..Marasmus.
C.I, Neurasthenia

40
69
31
39
63

Female _.. 40 Sweden
42
Male,..
Unknown
Male
~~23~"
Male
Unknown
"~56~~
Male
34
Canada
Male
63
37
Male
Male
79
New York
Female
Female
56
Male
51

Male
Male
Male
__
Female
Male
Male
Male
Male
Male -

72

31
66

New York

72
78
55

76

B. II, General paralysis

Exhaustion.
Bright's disease.
Paretic seizure.

B. II, Senility
A. I, Melancholia.
B. II, Organic brain,

Tuberculosis.
Arterio-sclerosis.
Cardiac disease.
Apoplexy.

B II, Senility

58

24
73
32

Cause of death.

Holland
New York

Summary.
Males. Females
Pulmonary tuberculosis
Endocarditis ._Apoplexy

23
11

--

,
_ .._

_-

7
1
8
10
1

6

Suffocation
Arterio-sclerosis
Chronic gastritis

1

31

10
1
1
5
3

18
11
2
11
3

1
2

3

81

18

13
1

3

1
2

1
2

2

Total

8
7
6
1
2

7
1
1

Total.

1
1

51

2
1
1
1

2
132

36

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REPORT OF THE MEDICAL SUPERINTENDENT.

37

The above classification has been in use at this institution since 1890.
It "has been of great value in the study of cases, especially in the diagnosis
and prognosis of certain forms of mental disease. It may be noted that
a large proportion of Group C is included in the designation "Paranoia."
No attempt has been made to show in this table the clinical varieties of
paranoia. However, our knowledge of mental disease has rapidly advanced within the last few years, and particularly of those forms incident
to congenital or constitutional impairment of the mental mechanism, of
which neurasthenia is possibly the mildest expression and moral insanity
and idiocy the gravest. Since Kraepelin's studies of dementia praecox
have been published a. simpler clinical classification of paranoia in particular is possible. As is well known, true paranoia is a rare mental disease, while the mental degenerations with partial systematization of all
their morbid mental phenomena, with terminal dementia rapidly or more
slowly following, is very common. Although the table shows that 56
paranoiacs were admitted during the year, all of these were paranoids.
The classification does not include eatatonia as a distinct entity. Catatonic cases have usually been classified with the neurasthenics, since a
careful study of their family history usually reveals a hereditary predisposition to nervous or mental instability. In classifying patients more
attention is given to the underlying constitutional factors than to the
nature or quality of the mental phenomena which they express. An
insane neuropath may be depressed or elated; may suffer from stupor or
the wildest mania, or even show both these syndromes in rotation, and
yet in classifying such cases we would place them in the neuropathic
group.
During the period only 48 patients were received who suffered from
the simple, curable psychoses; of this number about 50 per cent have or
will permanently recover, while of the remainder a portion have or will
recover with defect, a certain portion died during the acute stage of their
malady, and the remainder have or will reach a condition of more or less
pronounced dementia.
A very careful study of a patient on admission is of the highest importance. This should include as complete a history of the case as can be
obtained from the friends, followed by complete physical and psychical
examinations. In the psychic examination an attempt is being made to
follow the outline of Sommer. A series of fixed questions similar to those •
of Sommer has been found of use in determining the memory, attention,
judgment, state of consciousness, and the general orientation of the
individual. This work can be extended greatly to the advantage of the
treatment of individual cases.
Clinically, each patient receives the advantages of laboratory methods
as far as blood, sputum and urinary analyses are concerned, and I am
glad to be able to report that arrangements will soon be made for the
establishment of a psychic laboratory in connection with the psychopathic ward at the University of Michigan, where selected cases of mental
disease can be sent for study and treatment. It is especially along the
lines of physiological chemistry that we must look for the greatest advances in our special field. We hope that within a comparatively short
time, in addition to the psychic functions the whole metabolism of a given
case can be studied. It is the intention of the trustees of the various

38

NORTHERN

MICHIGAN

ASYLUM.

asylums, as well as of the medical officers of these institutions, to make
this psychic department of the highest practical value. At this laboratory
the physician of the asylum will be allowed to carry out original work
under the direction of highly trained specialists.

TUBERCULOSIS.

It is very gratifying to be able to report that the deaths from consumption during the last year have been about half less than during the
previous year and about one third less than for those years in which
the deaths from this cause were greatest. Great efforts have been made
for two or three years to isolate tuberculous patients, and it would seem
that these efforts have lessened the disease among our people. It is
undoubtedly true that the amount of air space allowed for each patient
in many departments of the asylum is too limited, and this overcrowding of patients, together with their extreme dementia, wet habits, favor
the spread of the disease when it appears amongst them.
Two years ago there were 29 cases of tuberculosis in 1,050 patients.
At the present time there are 28 in 1,132. Three of these patients were
admitted during the period, and four patients acquired the disease after
admission into the asylum.
We sincerely hope that the coming Legislature will meet your request
for a hospital for a small number of women patients. One of the greatest dangers to patients and nurses in our asylums is the possibility of
acquiring tuberculosis, and the overcrowding greatly increases the
danger. It seems almost impossible to entirely obviate this evil, since
there are long periods in which the asylum accommodations are not equal
to the demands of the district, and at such times rather than have the
patient confined in a jail or a county-house, additional beds are erected in
already fully occupied wards or dormitories, such yielding seeming to be
the lesser of two evils. If, to-day, the capacity of the institution should
be fixed by a requirement of 1,000 cu. ft. of air space per individual, additional room would be required for nearly one hundred patients.
With the exception of the outbreak of smallpox mentioned in your
report, the institution was free from epidemic diseases. An unusually
large number of the admissions were aged patients, or those suffering
from organic disease of the brain. This gives very discouraging results
so far as recoveries are concerned, and yet in itself the care of these
broken and sick people is one of the greatest of our public charities.
It is by reason of the ever increasing number of these mental wrecks that
hospitals for the insane are and must continue to be public necessities.
We may point out that much of mental degeneracy is due to non-physiological unions, and until the masses become educated relative to the
breeding of the race, or our lawmakers place restrictions upon the marriage of defective individuals, hospitals for the care of the mentally
imperfect must continue to multiply. Heredity is the great underlying
factor in insanity. Of the 371 patients admitted during the last two
years, 102 individuals were hereditarily predisposed; in 158 heredity was
denied, and in 109 it could not be determined. It is a fact, according to
our experience, that cases said to be free from neuropathic taint at the
time of admission, are often found to be highly predisposed. Some-

REPORT OP THE MEDICAL

39

SUPERINTENDENT.

times the family history is concealed by the friends, and at other times
they have no knowledge of their ancestry beyond their immediate parentage.
The suicide mentioned in your report was that of a patient from
Menominee, Michigan. This patient had lived a long time at Cottage A,
an open-door cottage, and had worked regularly in the laundry. He was
considered trustworthy, and for years had enjoyed the privilege of the
grounds. On Sunday, Nov. 3, 1901, he was missed at supper time, and
the search for him at once instituted and continued for a long time
revealed no trace of his whereabouts. On March 4, 1902, his body was
found in the reservoir. At the inquest it was found that his pockets
were filled with stones and that he had made careful preparations for
suicide by drowning. The inquest exonerated the asylum authorities
from blame.
There has been a constant evolution in the hospital from its inception,
and possibly during no period has this unfolding been more marked than
duirng the last two years. This is true of the methods of examination
and treatment of cases; a clearer comprehension of clinical forms of
mental disease; in a greater systematization in business methods and in
the care of the vast property of the asylum, made up as it is of almost
countless items; the incorporation in the new buildings of the most recent
methods of heating and ventilation; in improved methods of hot-water
distribution, and in the substitution of spray and rain baths for the tub
with its attending dangers; with improved methods of farming; with
much more attention to the production of fruits and vegetables; to the
housing and feeding of stock;—in fact, every department of the asylum
has grown in usefulness. Wise legislation and your intelligent direction
have made this growth possible. None of us lay claims to these results;
they have followed painstaking, thoughtful effort from each and every
one associated in the work of carrying on the institution. The gain to
patients is immeasurable. Abuses are rare. Much greater freedom is
afforded, and in the furnishing of the hospital the patients can find the
comforts and the quiet of a home. The medical care is much more exact
and scientific, and the nursing has become direct and personal.
You are so familiar with the medical and other work of the institution
that I need not enter into further details.
The following are the usual statistical tables:
TABLE TV.—Degree of heredity.
For the biennial period.

From the beginning.

Males. Females. Total. Males. Females. Total.

Total

. .

1
6
5
11
4

7
21
8

3
17
12
32
12

22
77
57
114
61

20
98
45
152
75

42
175
102
266
136

11
6
82
65

7
4
76
44

18
10
158
109

102
41
454
852

119
39
466
421

221
80
920
1,273

191

180

371

1,780

1,435

3,215

2
11

40

NORTHERN

MICHIGAN

ASYLUM.

TABLE V.—Occupation of those admitted.
For the biennial period.

From the beginning.

Males. Females. Total. Males. Temales. Total.
Baker
Blacksmith
Boilermaker

I

1
3
...

.

.

...
2
.->

Clergyman
Cigarmaker
Cook
Dressmaker
Druggist

1

2
1

3
3
1

1
4

3
6

1

1

1

1

1
6
4
28
3
1
8
62
3
3
3
5
6
1

1

7
2

1
7
3

3

4

7

20

61

46

107

480
3
1

1

2
1

Editor
Farmer
Florist
Harness maker

1

1

1

Jeweler
Laborer
Lawyer
Lumberman.

50
51
1

.

.

....

3
1
2
5
1

14
4
8
, 3

1

69
1

20

2
34

4
50

1

1
4

1
13
3
1
1

1
6
3
3
1
1

13
9

. 19

1
9

Miller
Milliner
Moulder

Printer
Policeman

3
1

1

Nurse

H

. .

4

:

Sailor

1
3
2
3

Soldier
Student

1
2
1

3
1
1

Tailor
Teacher.
19

2
4
699
6
2
21

3

2

1
50

3

70
1

4

1

1

3

3

6

25

33
18
1
14
7
4
8
7
3
3
107
3
1

Total

..

191

180

371

1,780

3
4
14
9
3
45
6
1
"V
5
8
119
4

1
9
8
42
12
1
11
107
9
4
3
11
10
1
8
119
6

18
1
369
4
1
1

1
1
38
1
849
7
2
1

2
105
1
295
3
4
18
1

4
105
5
994
9
6
39
1

7

21
4
27
13
1
108
3

i

19
10
1
39
2
3
62
1
1
2
1
1

114
1
2
15
4
1
2

5
6
4
17
11
1
11
5

18
15
11
50
23
2
25
12

4
9
24

8
17
31
3
3
242
1
5
1

135
1
2

1,435

3,215

REPORT 'OP THE

MEDICAL

41

SUPERINTENDENT.

TABLE VI.—Nativity of patients admitted.
For the biennial period.

From the beginning.

Males. Temales. Total. Males. Females. Total.
Alabama
Africa

England
Finland
Germany
Ireland
Italy

_-

Illinois
Kansas

1
19
1
243

7
4
188

1
1
26
5
431

2
23
1
«9
4

3
17
1
47
4

40
2
116
8

13
9
5

65
133
15
86

30
113
16
59
2

95
246
31
145
9

6
6
2

18
11
5

25

1
1
10

2
1
35

1
3

2

1
5

2

g

11

7
2
3

$
7

I
3
1

5
3
\7

1

3

Maine

._.

5
4
63
1
3

1

130

356
4

3
4

3
34
1
3
3

New Jersey
New York
Ohio
Poland

Wales
Total.

_

35
1

3
69
2
3
4

1

20

12

32
2
1
17
1

21
8
3

40
12

1
15
2
1
1

1
7

2

2

27

16

43

3
6
3
18
2
151

191

180

371

1

12
9
1
702
5

4
138

\f
5
3

Switzerland

5
1
346
1

75
26
1
5
240

9

179
2
1
74

1

45
22
6
1
4

35
14
1
1
102

43

8
1
1

27
11
1
1
1

80

16

1
7

5

1
315
3
1
154

27

3

1

1,780

1
136

2

10
1

80

5
15
4
35
2
231

1,435

3,215

2
9
1
17

RECAPITTJ LATION .

Total

221
107
43

1,433
1,551
231

371

3,215

42

NORTHERN

MICHIGAN ASYLUM.

TABLE VII.—Clinical groups.
For the biennial period.

From the beginning.

Males. Females. Total. Males. Females. Total.
3
1
1
9
7

3
9
6
9
32

13
124
58
6
89

25
2
36
92
45

38
126
94
98
134

1
18

3
34
1

13
133
22
107
378

11
83
19
6
328

24
216
41
113
706

8
5
25
2
16
1

Neurasthenic
Paretlc
Phthisical
Post-febrille
Pubescence
Senile
Syphilitic
Toxic

-

sr

37

74

12

37
2
3

49
3
24

189
2
132
17
1

274
6
20
15

463
8
152
32
1

22

4
12
5
41

28

12
5
19

12
106

20
177
24
. 83

48
177
36
189

13
5
14
5

2
4
11
8

15
9
25
13

55
40
89
166

17
12
25
115

73
52
114
281

191

180

371

1,780

1,435

3,215

1

21
4

._

Total

TABLE VIII.—Duration of disease previous to admission.
For the biennial period.
Males. Females.
Under two months

,.

One year and under two _
Two years and under

five

Ten years and under twenty
Twenty years and over
Unascertained
Total

.. ..

From the beginning.

Total. Males. Females. Total.

32
35
5
2
23

39
22
5
3
21

71
47
10
5
44

289
177
101
23
201

249
143
88
28
126

838
320
189
51
327

18
10
9
16
51

20
18
10
9
33

38
28
19
25
84

267
150
147
94
331

228
167
171
82
152

495
317
319

191

180

371

1,780

1,435

3,215

177
483

43

REPORT OF THE MEDICAL SUPERINTENDENT.
TABLE IK.—Civil condition.
For the biennial period.

From the beginning.

Males . Females. Total. Males. Females. Total .
Married
Single
Widowed
Unascertained
Total

.
_

_
-.

j

_._
-. _.

70
83
13
8
17

108
35
22
9
6

178
118
35
17
23

686
870
89
37
98

952
293
137
37
17

1,638
1,162
226
74
115

191

180

371

1780

1435

3215

TABLE X.—Age of patients.
For the biennial period.

From the beginning.

Males. Females. Total. Males . Females. Total.

20
25
30
35

9
16
27
23

1
14
23
14
20

1
23
39
41
43

11
96
204
261
205

10
74
138
195
197

10
124
372
456
402

-36 to 40
41 to 45
46 to 50
51 to 55

8
25
12
15

21
17
11
13

29
42
23
28

208
200
114
96

213
153
125
90

421
353
239
186

56 to 60
61 to 70

17
8
10
21

12
13
9
12

29
21
19
33

80
108
54
143

71
77
33
59

151
185
87
202

191

180

371

1,780

1,435

3,215

16
21
26
31

to
to
to
to

Total

44

NORTHERN

MICHIGAN

ASYLUM.

TABLE XI.—Probable existing cause.
For the biennial period.
Males.
9
6

Disappointed affections ...
Domestic infelicity
__

Fright
Ill-health

Overwork

Phthisis
Syphillis
Sexual excesses
Senility

Total

Females.
17

From the beginning.

Total.

Males.

"Females.

33
47

81
18
36

38
84

42

114
65
36
38
126

9
22
139
3
30

19
79
89
5
20

28
101
228
8
50

7
147
204
13
11

17
232
5
2
14

24
379
209
15
25.

19
12
14
181

1
55
16
17
181

22
17
5
16

22
20
9
79
70
97
4
15

1
21

7

26
6
10
1
28

1
17

2
15
18

2
16
35

3

2

5

1
39
1

1
67
16

1

3

2

2
13

5
1
2
13

1

1

17

3

20

3
4
63

2
12

4
1

6
13

32
78

28
15
g
3
1

10

1
36
4
3

Total.

9

2

4

8

38
19
4
7

11

14
1
24

25
4
60
1

75
40
498
148

66
7
334
15

832
163

180

371

1,780

1,435

3,215

3
36
1

191

141

REPORT OF THE

MEDICAL

45

SUPERINTENDENT.

TABLE XII.—Residence of patients admitted.
For the biennial period.
Males.
Antrim

4
7
3

_,

4
14
2
1

8
21
5
1

53
398
15
6

45
51
11
12

5
20

. 1
1
16
37

_

1

98
89
26
18

2

3

5

5

1
3
2

1
8
2

28
19

10
23
12
8

10
51
31
15

13

3

16

45
15
23

1
32
7
15

1
77
22
38

3

5

8

22
35

31
66

2

9
31
2
1

21
32

20
74
77
97

21
51
81
60

41
125
158
157

2
1
27
23

2
1
53
49

3
38
11

2
13
80
32

11
11

Iron
Ionia
Kalkaska
Keweenaw
Kent

Males.

Total.

Total.

Delta

Gogebic Grand Traverse
Gratiot
Houghton
Huron. .
Isle Royal
Isabella ,

Females.

Females.

1
11
17

Bay

Clare

From the beginning.

10

21

2
1

4

6
1

28
26

17
3

13

30
7

2
10
42
21

4

•

3

8

8
1
23

16
1
3
35
54
5
1
24

5

5

1
12

Leelanau
Luce

2

6

8

27
2
11

27
3
1
13

Manistee

13

7

20

9
6

12
6

21
12

61
87
34
61

46
57
33
43

107
144
67
104

7
3

6
4

13

88
29
22

31
47
17
1

119
76
39
1

Mont.r-.n.lrn

19

Newaygo

13
5

9
2
10
4

2
23
9

110
6
114
36

79
4
115
40

189
10
229
76

5

7
1

36
14

3

9

42

33
8
6
40

69
22
13
82

1

2
2

8
4
9
9

Me cost a
Menominee.-Midland
Missaukee ...

_

o

Ogemaw
Osceola
Otsego
Oscoda
Presque Isle
Roscommon..

1
6

2
1

8
3
8

.

16
4
12
17

46

NORTHERN MICHIGAN ASYLUM.
TABLE XII.—Concluded.
From the beginning.

For the biennial period.
Males.
Shiawasee
Saginaw
St. Glair
Schoolcraft.
Washtenaw
Wexforct
Wayne
No legal settlement
State
Total

Females.

Total.

Males.

Females.
1
1

4

ao

-

4

7

11
6

4
2

15

8

30
6
99
49

191

180

371

1,780

5
1
4
27
1
65
8
123
100

•>
7
1
35
2
24
51

2

3

Total.

3,215

1,435

ESTIMATES OF THE SPECIAL APPROPRIATIONS.

The following are the estimates of special appropriations requested by
the Board of Trustees and submitted to the State Board of Corrections
and Charities for its approval:
To the State Board of Corrections and Charities:
Gentlemen—As required by Section 2228, Compiled Laws of 1897, I
submit below estimates of special appropriations requested by the Board
of Trustees of the Northern Michigan Asylum for the erection and furnishing of two cottages—one for sixty men, and one for sixty women
patients; for the construction of a sewer; addition to library; hospital
for tuberculous women patients; porches; electric storage battery, and an
addition to the bakery.
I. SEWER.

Tile, 6,800 feet, 12-inch, 10-inch and 8-inch .
Cement
Labor
Freight, drayage on pipe and cement
II. COTTAGE FOR SIXTY MEN PATIENTS.

Wages
Stone, brick, lime, cement and paints
Door and window frames, lumber and shingles
Heating, etc., range, and kitchen furniture
Iron beams, hardware and iron
Locks, hinges, electric lighting, wire fixtures, cutouts,
switches, lamps, electroliers, etc., and telephones.
Tile for floors, drains, baths, etc
Furniture and bedding

$1,450
125
1,500
250

00
0000
00

$3,325 00
$7,700
6,550
3,500
1,500
750

00
00
00
00
00

1,000 00
1,000 00
2,000 00
$24,000 00

REPORT OF THE MEDICAL SUPERINTENDENT.

47

III. COTTAGE FOR SIXTY WOMEN PATIENTS.
Estimates same as above

$24,000 00

IV. ADDITION TO LIBRARY.

$500 00

V. HOSPITAL FOR TUBERCULOUS WOMEN PATIENTS.
275,000 brick at $5
40 cords stone, in wall, at $12
.'..
63 windows at $12
25 windows at $5
28 doors and frames at $14 .
25,000 feet rough lumber at $12
50,000 shingles at $2.50
15,000 feet dressed lumber at $12
10,000 feet dressed lumber at $25
7,000 feet matched lumber at $25
10,000 feet pine lumber at $15
Cut-stone sills and water table
Carpenter work and labor
10,000 feet ma-ple flooring at $25
2,800 yards plastering at 20 cents
1,000 yards painting at 25 cents
Hardware, nails and tin work
Lime and cement . . . .'
Tile
floors
Woven wire window guards
Mason work and labor
Heating and ventilating—iron, steam and water pipe, radiators direct and indirect, boiler, etc., register, faces, iron ventilating pipe, mantel and grate
Sterilizer and laundry furniture
Furniture and bedding
Electric lighting—wire fixtures, cutouts, switches, lamps, etc.
Plumbing—water closets, sinks, baths, sewer and sewer connections

$1,375 00
480 00
756 00
125 00
392 00
300 00
125 00
180 00
250 00
175 00
150 00
275 00
1,300 00
250 00
560 00
250 00
250 00
350 00
100 00
108 00
1,400 00
1,130 00
800 00
519 00
100 00
300 00
$12,000 00

VI. PORCHES.
800 feet stone ashlar at 75 cents per foot
10,000 brick, in wall
20,520 Ibs. steel I-beams at 3 cents per Ib
32 squares tin roofing at $8.50
2,200 sq. ft. wire guards to enclose 2d story porches, 10 cents..
2,200 sq. ft. glazed sash at 15 cents per square foot

$600
100
615
272
220
330

00
00
00
00
00
00

48

NORTHERN MICHIGAN ASYLUM.

6,000 feet maple flooring at f 30 per M
6,000 feet matched ceiling at $30 per M
12 doors, complete, at $15 ,
1,500 yards painting at 20 cents
10 cords rubble stone, laid, at $15
14,000 feet joists at $12 per M
4,000 feet finishing lumber at $30 per M
2,000 feet finishing lumber at $40 per M. . .
Cement and concrete work
Nails and hardware
Wages

$180 00
180 00
180 00
300 00
150 00
168 00
120 00
80 00
50 00
75 00
880 00
$4,500 00

VII. ELECTRIC STORAGE BATTERY.
About seventy accumulator cells, switchboards, switchboard
connections, and other necessary apparatus for perfect installation of the plant
$8,800 00

VIII. ADDITION TO BAKERY.
75,000 brick, laid, at $10
14 cords stone, laid, at $12
7 steel beams
'.
1,500 sq. ft. tile flooring, laid, at 40 cents
12 squares tin roofing at $8.50
10 squares slate roofing at $8.50
8 windows, complete, at $12
9 doors and frames, complete, at $15
Cornices
12,000 feet hemlock lumber at $12
5,000 feet matched lumber at $25
Inside finish, shelving, etc
Painting
•
Plumbing
Electric lighting, including switches, cutouts,
tures, etc
Carpenter work
2 Kosicky bake ovens
Cracker, cake and bread making machinery

$750 00
168 00
9500
600 00
102 00
85 00
96 00
135 00
50 00
144 00
125 00
300 00
100 00
110 00
wire, fix75
300
1,850
1,700

00
00
00
00

$6,785 00
All of which is respectfully submitted,
JAMES D. MUNSON,
Medical Superintendent.
Northern Michigan Asylum, Sept. 17, 1902.

REPORT OF THE MEDICAL SUPERINTENDENT.

49

The following is the report of the State Board of Corrections and
Charities on the above requests for appropriations:

Lansing, October 31, 1902.
James D. Munson, M. D., Medical Superintendent Northern Michigan
Asylum, Traverse City, Mich.:
Dear Sir—Your communication to the State Board of Corrections and
Charities, submitting for its consideration and opinion the proposed appropriations for the Northern Michigan Asylum for the years 1903 and
1904, was duly received. The asylum was visited and its "conditions and
needs investigated." The board has carefully considered the appropriations proposed, and respectfully submits herewith its opinion of the same.
Cottage for sixty men patients, furnished

$24,000 00
•:
Is approved, as is also the amount asked, which is based on careful estimates, and past experience.
Cottage for sixty women patients, furnished

$24,000 00

In the opinion of this board the erection of this cottage might be deferred, and the item is disapproved.
Hospital for tuberculous women patients, furnished

$12,000 00

Approved.
Addition to library

$500 00

Approved at $250.00.
Porches

$4,500 00

The great pleasure and benefit derived by patients from the porches
now provided is recognized by this board, and the intention by this item
to provide such for the main building is approved. A careful estimate
shows that what is asked will be required, and the amount is approved.
Electric storage battery

'

$8,800 00

V The claim of the saving secured by such a battery in engines and
generators; in engineers, firemen and fuel, is most favorable to a storage
battery, and the item is approved. The amount asked, based as it is on
exact prices, will be required, and is approved.
Addition to bakery

$6,785 00

Approved.
Sewer

$3,325 00
7

50

NORTHERN MICHIGAN ASYLUM.

The old sewer now in use, constructed some eighteen years ago, was
intended for a population much smaller than the present one of the
asylum, and is now so much too small that it bursts and overflows and
backs into the catch basins in the cottages, therefore this item is approved.
The amount asked is based on careful estimates, and is approved.
Yours respectfully,
GEO. D. GILLESPIE,
L. C. STORES, Secretary.
Chairman.

CHAPEL SERVICES.

The chapel services continue to be a source of great comfort to patients.
Regular services have been conducted by the chaplain, Rev. D. Cochlin,
assisted by Revs. W. K. Wright, C. T. Stout and W. T. Woodhouse. It
is to be regretted that the institution has outgrown the capacity of the
chapel. The chapel seats comfortably about 350 patients, and there
should be room for at least 500. In the near future steps will need to be
taken to enlarge this building.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.

The institution returns thanks to the editors of the following papers
for donations of their journals for the use of patients:
Germania
Big Rapids Herald
Michigan State Democrat
Grand Traverse Herald
Deaf Mute Mirror
Huron Tribune

Native Copper Times
Der Sonntagsbote, of Grand Rapids
Alpena Argus
Cheboygan Tribune
Triumphs of Faith

and to all those who have contributed in any way to the comfort and
pleasure of the patients.
I am under deep and lasting obligations to the trustees, to the members
of the staff, and to all the employes of the institution for aid and sympathy during a personal grief. I cannot express my thanks for all that
they did for me. I wish to express my appreciation of your efforts in
behalf of the institution, and that of my assistants on the staff and of
all others in the employ of the institution.
All of which is respectfully submitted,
JAMES D. MUNSON,
Medical Superintendent.
Northern Michigan Asylum, September, 1902.

OFFICERS AND

EMPLOYES

OF THE NORTHERN MICHIGAN ASYLUM, AND THE WAGES
SALARIES PAID EACH, JDNJE 30, 1900, AS REQUIRED
BY SECTION 2, ACT 206, LAWS 1881.

James D, Munson
A. S. Rowley

Rate.

Service.

Name.

Medical superintendent
Asst. medical supt

$3,000
2,200
900
800
800

00
00
00
00
00

600
1,600
250
500
1,200

00
00
00
00
00

56
1,400
1,400
70
30

00
00
00
00
00

45
65
50
65
34

00
00
00
00
00

11
<i
11
it

24
26
28
32
22

00
00
00
00
00

K
11
11
11

20
28
26
20
32

00
00
00
00
00

.t

17
19
19
21
34

00
00
00
00
00

26
28
22
22
26

00
00
00
00
00

24
17
24
24
28
19

00
00
00
00
00
00

it
it

11
n

C L Whitney
T H A. Tregea
C M Prall
C. E. Kenyon
J H W. Hubbell
C L Osborn
S G Howard

Accountant .
Chief engineer
S tenographer.
Druggist
Attendant

Barney Brillhart

Mable M. Bookey

ii

Marv Campbell , „„
T R C aid well
F E Grand ell
C A. Gates

a
it
({

it
u
t>

_
-_

OR

Period.
Per annum. Resident.
Non-resident.
Resident.

Non-resident.

Per month. Non-resident.
Per annum.
Per month. Resident.
Non-resident,
Resident.
Non-resident.
Cottage.
Non-resident.
Resident.

Non-resident.
Resident.

52

NORTHERN MICHIGAN ASYLUM.
OFFICERS AND EMPLOYES.—CONTINUED.
Names.

Service.

Frank Downer
Rose Elvin ,
Anna C, Evans..
Charles Easterday

4i

. ..

I(
tl

D. C. Evans E T Evans
Weslev Easterday
Agnes Feldhak
_ .-.
It

__.

tt
tl

Seward Fletcher

(

Mabel Farmer
Charlotte Francisco
Edison Giddings

Jesse A. Graham

.

.1
It
<(

00
00
00
00
00

32
36
26
12

00
00
00
00

_
_

17 00
17 00
22 00
34 00

14

Mary Herriman
.t
[(
tt

(

Leona Hollister
Fred M. Hale
Dora Hale

.

II
tt
11

tt

Otto C. Kistler
A. E. Knight
Hattie Knight
Dennis Kelley
Iiibbie Kelley
Erne Kent

it
tt
Ii!

(i

tl

„

R. H. McKenzie
William McConocha

i(

tL
((
tt
It
tl

ti

<t

tt

((

"

Non-resident.

"
"

Non-resident.
Resident.

u
<i
(i

n
u
tt

t!

tt

tt

if

it

li

-i

Non-resident.

"

Resident.

it
it
tt

<t
tt
^
t(

24
22
34
34
32

00
00
00
00
00

tt

16
16
34
26
22

00
00
00
00
00

H
tt

"
"

t(
it

Non-resident.
Resident.

tL

tt

tt

tt

00
00
00
00
00

tt

t

tl

tt

tt

t(

H

t(

(t

il

28 00
34 00
24 00

H

It

tt

tl

34 00

it

It

26 00

(I

It

26 00
22 00

"
"
it
tt

28 00
22 00

17 00

Celia Mackay

tt

tt

(t

12 00
20 00
Li

ii

it

tt

17 00

Cl

H

26 00

22
24
17
22
24

41

Gertrude Kistler

00
00
00
00
00

28 00
17 00

tl

Sarah Houghton

24
19
16
16
24

44

(1

_ ..

00
00
00
00
00

17 00
26 00
40 00

tt

Orie Hoppes

17
32
17
34
17

(J

l<

Marie Gothan

$22
22
17
28
42

17 00

Olive Francisco
Helen J. Finton.
Maud Giddings
Minnie Flint
_

Period.

Rate.

26 00
17 00
36 00
16 00
22
26
17
22

00
00
00
00

t.

t;

Non-resident.
Resident.
tt
u

(i

tt

H

't

tt
't

11
tt

U

tl

"
"
tt

Non-resident.
Resident.
ti

U

't

tt

11

OFFICERS AND

53

EMPLOYES.

OFFICERS AND EMPLOYES.—CONTINUED.
Name.

Service.

Nettie Naab
V A Patrick
W. S. Purple
Nellie Purple
Anna Patrick- -.
L F. Porter
Hattie Parr
Ethel Pearl
Eugene Pettit
Harriet Philp
Gertrude Pendell
Lou Parr
Heber Richardson . .
Alberta Reagh.
C. W. Spangler
J. A. Slack
Hattie Salefsky
J, B. Simmonds

Bate.
$17 00
22 00

ti
((
tt
((

(i
«
«
it
i(

n
,<
Cl

It
11
t;
u

K

u

u

It

(1

11

11

U

11

00
00
00
00
00

u

u
tl
u

u
u
11

32 00
24 00

it
11

tt
it

19
28
32
20
16

tt
tl

00
00
00
00
00

22
34
26
20

00
00
00
00

24
80
19
17

00
00
00
00

"
"

11
tt

it
11
it
tt
u

16 00

u

M

26 00
22 00
28 00

tt

ti
ti

Non-resident.
Resident.

11
.1

16 00

((

11
ii
it

;i

((

if

ii

"
ti

Resident.
it

12 00

"
11

Resident.
11

26
28
40
45
75

00
00
00
00
00

it
ti
ti
ti
"

tt
it
it
tt
Non-resident.

70
45
15
12
30

00
00
00
00
00

"
ii
tt

Resident.
it
u

28 00
38 00

Attendant.-.
Domestic,
Attendant .
Supervisor
Chief Cook
Baker
Domestic
Assistant cook

47 00
28 00
24 00

_ __

16 00

t.
it
K

a
<>
<i
rt

O. C. Hudson
_.,
Leo Buckner
Charles W. Getchell.
Reno Colby
Floyd Theobald
W. Veeder
Claude Baker
Charles L. Curtiss ___
F. P. Jones
Mattie Stone-

20
24
20
17
24

.1
tt
it
u
it

„

It

Myrtle E. White-,
Jessie Warren
Ella Willis
Harry A. Walker
Hattie Walsh,
Thomas Whitfield
H. W. Pierce
William C. Walker _.
E. N. Walter
Martha Wilber^ _ Cady L. White
George E White
Elsie MiddletonB P. Burns
C. J. Leland
J. Rattenbury. __
Frank Wilhelm
AnnaDickey
Maggie Griffith
Robert P. Herkner
John W. Evans
William Swan .-.
Arthur Frees
A. F. Ahearn

it
11
it

30 00

tt
ii
tt

Floy Theobald
Lucy A. Thompson^. _
Lessie E Tisdale

34 00
34 00
26 00

16 00
16 00
16 00

it
n

Period.

Si

It

tt
tt

it
tt

tl

Laundryman

_.

t(

22 CO
25 00
18 00
16 00

tt
ti
11
it

it
it
ii
it

16
18
16
20
16

00
00
00
00
00

tt
it
11
ti
ii

16
40
20
45
20
15

00
00
00
00
00
00

tt
u
tt
ii
tt
,t
u

"

Non-resident.
Resident
Non-resident.

NORTHERN MICHIGAN ASYLUM.
OFFICERS AND EMPLOYES.—CONCLUDED.
Name.
Nellie Plough.,.
Sibyl Ods
MaeTrude--Lillie Hartley
Josephine Benware
Ada Upthegrove
Lucy Haggard
Jennie Upthegrove
Lillie Haggard
C C Howard
William Wickwire
S. W. Elliott
R B. Jones
R. Edgerton
Louis Strack
W. D. Hollister
B. S. Sayre
E. H. Franklin

Service.
Laundryman assistant
it
ti
tt
tt
t.
ii
i;
ti
tt
ti
it

<i
it
ti
it
ii

:(
it

ii
ii

F A Wright
Royal Hadley
Ed Quaife
T. C Bates
F. Nagel

Coachman

ti
ti
tt
it
it
it
it
11
tt

ii
11
14
ti

00
00
00
00
00

19
12
18
18
18

00
00
00
00
00

00
00
00
00
00

20 00
25 00
1 50
1 75
1 50

Painter
ti
(l

(i

it

ii
it

ti
11

it
tt
ti

U
it
ci

it

it

[(

it

it

1 50
1 50
1 50
1 50
1 50

ti
ti
n
ti
ii

1 75
1 65
1 50
65
50

ii
ti
it
U

it
ti
it
ti

50
50
50
1 50
t 75

it
ti
tt

ii
ti
U

a

ic

it

ti

Per day.

"

tt
t(
ti

tt
it
K

u

ti

33 00
45 00
3 60

ii

[(

tt
ti
ii
it
U

50 00
40 00

W Vanderlip
S. H McMichael

D s Paden

,.
•

((

L Hewett
R. J. Lloyd.,W Williamson

S. B. Howard
A. H. Bennett
S. H. Toombs ...

$19
19
12
19
18

34
30
30
30
22

it
it
it
it

_. Laborer

Period.

18 00
18 00
33 00
30 00
3000

ti

[(

J. W. Haggard.

Rate.

2 50
2 25
2
2
2
2

25
00
00
00

2 00
3 00

3 00
3 00
3 00
2 25

(.(

u

• ii

tt

(t

(t

ti
II
ii
It
(.

tt
ti
ti
tt
tt

COTTAGES FOR WOMEN.

APPENDIX

LAWS GOVERNING THE ASYLUM.

The act organizing the asylums of Michigan and providing for the admission, maintenance, and discharge of patients is known as Public Act
135, Laws of 1885.
GOVERNMENT.
Sec. 10. Each board of trustees is hereby directed and empowered to establish such byaws as it may deem necessary and expedient for regulating the appointment and duties of officers, attendants and assistants ; for fixing the conditions of admission, support and discharge
of patients, and for conducting in a proper manner the business of the institution under its
charge; also to ordain and enforce a suitable system of rules and regulations for the
internal government, discipline and management of the asylum.
ADMISSION OF PATIENTS.

The following by-laws govern the admission of patients:
First, Indigent and pauper insane will be_ admitted upon orders granted by the proper officers, in accordance with the laws of the State, and no indigent or pauper insane person shall
be admitted without such authority;
Second, Pay patients (or private patients) can only be admitted to the asylum for care and
treatment upon compliance with the following requirements: 1
(a.) The certificates of two reputable physicians, under oath, appointed by the judge of
probate of the county where the alleged insane person resides, possessing the qualifications
required by section 22, public act No. 135, laws of 1885, as amended by act No. 220, laws
of 1889, and the certificate of the county clerk.
(b.) A bond in the sum of one thousand dollars, duly executed by two persons of responsibility, to be approved by the medical superintendent, shall be delivered to the superintendent at the time of the admission of the patient, obligating the bondsman to pay all the
patient's expenses while in the asylum.
(c.) An order from the judge of probate of the county of the patient's residence, committing him (or her) to the asylum as a private patient.
(d.) Pay for thirteen weeks' board and treatment must be made in advance of the admission of the petient.

No patient shall be detained in the asylum after the medical superintendent shall determine that he is of sane mind.
Indigent insane persons are admitted on the orders of judges of probate, in accordance with the provisions of sections 23 and 24, Act 135,
Laws of 1885, as amended by Act 44, Laws of 1897; and further amended
by Act 173, Laws of 1899.
Sec. 23. When a person, not a pauper, becomes insane, and no application be
made to admit such person to the asylum for the insane as a private patient, application
may be made in his behalf by any person conversant with the circumstances to the
judge of probate of the county where said insane person shall be at the time such application
is made, and said judge of probate shall immediately notify such alleged insane person of such
application and of the time and place of hearing to be held thereon, and shall also summon to
appear before him at the same time the following persons, if known: The guardian, if such

58

NORTHERN MICHIGAN ASYLUM.

alleged insane person have a guardian, also such relatives as are legally liable for the support
of such person, which summons may be served in any county of the State, and shall also
notify any person having alleged insane person in charge or custody, and shall also call two
legally qualified physicians, and, in his discretion, other credible witnesses, and also immediately notify the prosecuting attorney of the county and the supervisor of the township, or
the supervisor or alderman of the ward in which said insane person resides, if his residence
is in said application claimed to be in the said county, of the time and place of such hearing,
and upon receiving such notice such officers shall attend said examination and act in behalf
of said county, and said judge of probate may appoint a guardian aci litem to represent such
insane person upon said hearing, and said judge of probate shall fully investigate the facts
in the case and may summon a jury at his discretion. He shall summon a jury whenever requested by such .alleged insane person, or by any relative legally liable for his
support, or by the prosecuting attorney of the county, such jury to consist of six residents of the county and shall be selected and summoned in the same manner as juries are
selected and summoned in justices' courts, and either with or without the verdict of the jury,
as the case may be. shall determine the question of insanity and also the question of indigence,
but this decision as to indigence shall not be conclusive; and if the judge of probate, after such
hearing, shall certify that such person is adjudged to be insane and his estate insufficient to
support himself and his family, of if he has no family, himself, under the visitation of insanity,
or if it shall appear that his estate is sufficient, but no person will execute the required bond or
perform the required regulation to have such person admitted as a private patient, on his
certificate, under seal of the probate court of said county, such person shall be admitted into
the asylum and supported therein at the expense of the county to which he belongs until he
shall be restored to soundness of mind, if effected within two years, or until otherwise ordered
or at the expense of the State, if the judge of probate shall find that such insane person has no
legal settlement in any county in this State or is unable to find from the evidence where that
settlement is. If it shall appear on said hearing to said judge of probate that such insane
person is indigent and that he has relatives legally liable for his support, said judge of probate shall also at the said hearing, or at some adjourned day thereof, investigate fully as to
the financial ability of such relatives of said insane person as are legally liable for his support.
If said judge of probate shall be satisfied on such hearing that said insane person is indigent
and has relatives legally liable for his support who are able to contribute to the support of
such insane person, he may make an order requiring the payment by such relatives of such
sum or sums as said probate judge may find they are reasonably able to pay, not exceeding,
however, in all, the sum of two hundred dollars per year. Said order shall require the payment of such sums to the county treasurer of such county and may require such payment to
be made annually, semi-annually or quarterly, as the said judge may direct. Said probate
judge shall furnish the said county treasurer of said county a copy of such order and it shall
be the duty of the county treasurer to collect the sums therein named, to turn the same into
the county treasury so long as such patient is a county charge, and when such patient becomes a State charge, to pay over the moneys so collected by him quarterly to the State
Treasurer. If such relatives so ordered to pay shall neglect or refuse so to do, the county
treasurer shall notify the superintendents of the poor of said county, and also shall notify
the prosecuting attorney of the county of such neglect or refusal, and said prosecuting
attorney shall proceed by action to be brought in the name of the county to collect such sum.
If any person so ordered to contribute to the support of such insane person shall at any time
become unable to pay the sum so ordered such person may make application to the judge of
probate by petition setting forth the fact; said judge shall hear the evidence thereon; upon
the filing of such petition the court shall appoint a day of hearing thereon, and notice
of such hearing shall be served on the prosecuting attorney of the county and supervisor
of the township or ward in which such insane person resides, which said notice shall be
served not less than six days before the day of hearing, and if satisfied that such person is no
longer able to contribute such sum, may vacate or modify said order. The judge of probate in
any proceeding provided therein may request the presence of the prosecuting attorney, and
upon receiving such request, it shall be the duty of the prosecuting attorney to appear in
behalf of the county, and shall also have power to compel the attendance of witnesses and
jurors and shall file the certificates of the physicians taken under oath, and other papers in
his office, and enter the proper orders in the journal of the probate court in his office, and
he may appoint a proper person or persons to take such insane person to the asylum, who shall
receive as pay for such services the sum of three dollars per day, together with his necessary
expenses, to be paid upon the certificate of the judge of probate under the seal of the probate
court by the county treasurer of such county upon presentation to him, and out of the
general fund of such county or any other fund available for that purpose. Whenever any person is commited to the asylum on the order of the judge of probate under the provisions of
this section and it shall appear to said judge of probate on the hearing thereon that such
insane person has an estate, or if he has any income, annuity or pension which is not sufficient

LAWS GOVERNING THE ASYLUM.

59

to support him and his family, if he have one, under the visitation of insanity and yet is sufficient to admit of the payment of something thereto, and if it further appears to said judge of
probate that such person has no family, or that he has a family whose support and maintenance does not require the whole of such estate, income, annuity or pension, or if it shall
appear to such judge that such person has an estate sufficient to support himself, or if he
have a family, himself and family, under the visitation of insanity, but no person appears to
execute the requisite bond or perform the requisite regulations to have such person admitted to
the asylum as a private patient, then the said judge of probate may on the first or on some
subsequent day of hearing had before him wherein the parties interested have been duly cited
to appear, as hereinbefore provided, or duly cited otherwise, make an order requiring the estate
of such insane person or the .guardian or other person having control of such estate, income,
annuity or pension, to pay the same or such part thereof as said judge of probate shall determine to the county treasurer of such county to be by said treasurer turned into the county
treasury while such insane person is a county charge, and into the State treasury when such
insane person becomes a State charge, as hereinbefore provided. If s;ich guardian shall neglect
or refuse to pay over said money to the county treasurer as provided in said order, the said
judge of probate shall cite such guardian to appear before him at such time as he may direct tc
render an account of all moneys or other property in his hands as such guardian, and on his
failure to appear or render such account, the said judge of probate may remove such guardian
and appoint some other suitable person in his place. The said judge of probate shall thereupon
refer the matter to the prosecuting attorney of said county, who shall enforce payment of the
sums provided in said order by a proper action, in the name of the county. If it shall be
made to appear to the judge of probate at any time subsequent to the commitment, of any
insane person to any of the asylums for the insane in this State as an indigent patient, that
such person has since such commitment become possessed of property, or estate or of an income, annuity or pension, which ought in whole or in part to be used towards his support, and
that the same is not wholly required towards the support and maintenance of the family of such
insane person, the judge of probate shall inquire into the matter and make an order requiring
the estate of such insane person or his guardian or other person having control of such estate,
income, annuity or pension to pay so much or such a part thereof as may appear to be
proper towards reimbursing the county or the State for the past support of such person, and
such part thereof towards his future support as may to him appear to be just and equitable,
and before making such order such judge of probate shall cause notice of such hearing to be
served on the prosecuting attorney of the county, supervisor of the township or ward in which
such insane person resided at the time of his commitment, and to the guardian and relatives of
such insane person not less than sis days before the day of hearing. The said judge of
probate, pending- any proceeding taken to commit any insane person to any asylum in this
State, may, if it shall appear upon the certificate of two physicians to be necessary and
essential so to do, commit such person into the custody of the superintendents of the poor
of said county, the sheriff of his county, or to the asylum of the district in which such insane
person resides, to be detained until such application can be heard and determined: Provided,
However, That the period of such detention shall not exceed in all fourteen days, and all the
expenses thereof shall be paid by the county treasurer upon the certificate of the judge of
probate under the seal of the probate court out of the general fund of said county, or any
other fund available for that purpose. If the probate judge shall at any such hearing find
that the person is insane but is not in indigent circumstances, he may make an order admitting such insane person to any asylum in this State, public or private, as a private patient
if the requisite conditions therefor are complied with. If the probate judge shall find such insane person a State charge, as hereinbefore provided, he shall certify his findings upon the
question of settlement to the Secretary of the State and to the medical superintendent of the
asylum to which said insane person has been sent, and the State shall become responsible for
the maintenance of said insane person. The judge of probate shall report the result of his proceedings to the supervisors of his county and shall also state in his report all cases in which he
had required by order, as hereinbefore provided, for payment by relatives to the support of
the insane person, or the application of his estate, income, annuity or pension thereto, and
the respective amounts so ordered to be paid. The county treasurer shall also report to the
board of supervisors the amounts collected by him on such order. It shall be the duty of the
board of supervisors at the next annual meeting thereafter to raise money requisite to meet
the expenses of support accordingly. The order of the judge of probate may be in the following
form :

60

NORHTERN

MICHIGAN

ASYLUM.

STATE OF MICHIGAN, County of
ss.
Probate court for said county.
At a session of the said probate court holden at the probate office in the
county of
on the
day of
A. D. 190..
Present
Judge of Probate.
In the matter of
an insane person (or pauper).
This day having been assigned for hearing the petition now on iile in this court, alleging
that
a
of
in said county (or that his residence is unknown), is insane, and praying that the said
may be admitted to the
asylum for the insane at
there to be supported at the expense of the county
of
, and having notified the said insane person . and the other persons and
officials required by law to be notified of the time and place of hearing said petition, and
having filed the certificates taken under oath of
and
., two legally
qualified physicians, and having taken the testimony of other credible witnesses, and having
inquired into h . . settlement, and having fully investigated the facts in the case with
the verdict of a jury as to the question of insanity, I, the judge of probate in and for
said county, do find and adjudge that the said
is insane and is
indigent
circumstances
(or pauper), (or "and his estate is sufficient to support himself
under the visitation of insanity, but no person appears to give the necessary bond or to perform the necessary conditions to permit said
to be admitted to the asylum as a
private patient,") and certify and adjudge that the said
is insane and that he
has
acquired a legal settlement in said county (or that he has not acquired a legal
settlement in said county, but that he has a legal residence in the county of
in said State, or that his legal residence is unknown), and that his estate is... .sufficient to
support h.. and h.. family under the visitation of insanity.
It is therefore ordered that the said
. .be admitted to said asylum and there
supported at the expense of the county of
(or State of Michigan), until restored
to soundness of mind, if effected within one year, and until otherwise ordered.
I hereby appoint and direct
asylum for the insane at

Judge of Probate.
to take said
to the
with full power and authority for that purpose.

When any person is found to be insane and in need of treatment at an insane asylum in this
State, and the question of his indigency, residence, or legal settlement cannot, for any reason,
then be adjudicated, he shall, nevertheless, be committed to the proper asylum to be supported
at the expense of the State until such question can be properly adjudged; and if, upon the
determination thereof, it shall be found that any county in this State was legally liable
for the support of such person, the judge of probate shall certify such fact to the Secretary
of State and to the superintendent of the asylum at which such person is detained, and the
expense borne by the State pending such determination shall be charged up to such county
and paid by the county treasurer oxit of the general fund into the State treasury.
Sec. 29. The rate of charge per week to be paid for the board and necessary treatment
of all patients of the asylums who are residents of this State shall be annually fixed by the
trustees of the several asylums in joint session, and shall not exceed the actual cost of
support and attendance, exclusive of officers' salaries; but this provision shall not be construed so as to prevent the furnishing of extra care and attendance to patients by special
contracts to parties chargeable thereof. At the close of each quarter the medical superintendents of the asylums shall certify to the Secretary of State the name, age and residence
of all patients under treatment, the expense of whose maintenance shall have been wholly
paid by any county for the period of one year, whether such period shall have been continuous or interrupted, and such patient shall, from and after the close of such period of
one year, be maintained by the State until restored, or so long as may be deemed necessary
by the board of trustees. No person who has been committed to any asylum in the State
and removed or discharged temporarily, or otherwise, and has been absent therefrom for a
period of six months or longer, shall be readmitted except upon a new adjudication as to
his insanity; and whenever an insane person shall have been maintained in any of the
asylums for the insane in this State at the expense of any county thereof for a .period of
two years, whether such period shall be continuous of interrupted, and shall be discharged
therefrom, temporarily or otherwise, and thereafter readmitted to any asylum within the
State, he shall not again be chargeable to any county, but to the State. If a State patient
shall be removed from an asylum on trial, and his friends be unable to defray the expense
of his return to the asylum in case such return becomes necessary, the actual necessary
expenses attending his return shall be defrayed by the State, the asylum paying the same
and rendering the account quarterly to the Auditor General, in the same manner as other
bills are rendered for the support of State patients. The bills for the maintenance, cloth-

LAWS GOVERNING THE ASYLUM.

61

ing, and other charges of such patients shall be rendered quarterly to the Auditor General
in the same manner as bills are rendered to county treasurers for the support of patients
at county charge, and shall be paid by the State Treasurer to the treasurers of the asylums
in which the patients may be, on the warrant of the Auditor General, out of any moneys
belonging to the general fund. The provisions of this act shall apply to the Wayne County
Asylum as far as they may be applicable and consistent with its organization.

Dependent or pauper insane persons are admitted on orders of judges
of probate granted in accordance with the following section:
Sec. 26. The county superintendents of the poor of any county, or any supervisor of any
city or town to which a person who shall become insane may be chargeable by reason of
being a pauper, shall make application to the probate judge of said county, who shall proceed
to inquire into the question of the insanity of said person, and for the purpose of such inquiry
shall call upon and may compel the attendance of one or more legally qualified physicians, and
such other witnesses as he may deem necessary, and if satisfied of the insanity of said person,
said probate judge shall make the same certificate and order for admission into the insane
asylum, and the same record and report as are required to be made by section twenty-three
of this act, in the case of an insane person in indigent circumstances.

The form of order is the same as prescribed for indigent patients under
Section 23.
Par patients (or private patients) are admitted in accordance with
the following sections of Act 135, Laws of 1885, as amended by Act 220,
Laws of 1899, Act No. 204, Laws of 1895, Act No. 120, Laws of 1897, and
Act 173, Laws of 1899.
Sec. 21. No person who is a resident of this State shall be held as a private patient
in any asylum, public or private, or in any institution, home or retreat, for the care or
treatment of the insane, except upon the certificates of two reputable physicians under oath,
appointed by the judge of probate of the county where such alleged insane person resides, to
conduct an examination, and an order from said judge of probate setting forth that the said
person is insane and directing his removal to an asylum or institution for the care of the
insane. When the relatives or friends of any insane person shall make application in his
behalf for an order admitting him to any asylum, public or private, or to any institution, home
or retreat for the care or treatment of the insane to the judge of probate of the county where
he resides, the judge of probate shall institute an inquest and take proofs as to the alleged
insanity before granting such order, and shall immediately notify such alleged insane person
of such application and of the time and place of hearing to be held therein, and any relative
or other person having such alleged insane person in charge or custody shall likewise be
notified of said time and place of hearing, and the judge of probate may appoint a guardian
ad litem to represent such insane person upon such hearing and shall fully investigate the
facts, and if the judge of probate shall deem it necessary, or if such alleged insane person
shall so demand a jury of twelve freeholders, having the qualifications required of jurors in
courts of record, shall be summoned to determine the question of insanity, and whenever a
jury is demanded the court shall proceed tc the selection of such jury in the same manner
as provided for the selection of a jury for the condemnation of land for railroad purposes,
and such jury shall determine the question of the sanity or insanity of the alleged insane
person, and the said judge of probate pending such proceedings, if it shall appear to be necessary and essential so to do, such alleged insane person may be placed in the custody of some
suitable person, or may be moved to the asylum of the district in which said insane person
resides, or to any hospital, home or retreat, to be detained until such application can be heard
and determined: Provided, Jiowcvcr, That the period of such temporary detention shall not
exceed in all fourteen days, and all the expenses thereof shall be paid by the petitioner or out
of the estate of said alleged insane person. Such alleged insane person shall have the right to
be present at such hearing, unless it shall be made to appear to the judge of probate either by
certificate of the medical superintendent of the asylum or the officers in charge of such hospital,
home or retreat to which he may have been temporarily committed, or by the certificate of two
reputable physicians that his condition is such as to render his removal from the institution
for that purpose or his appearing at such hearing improper and nnsafe. The said judge of
probate shall, if satisfactory evidence is adduced, showing the alleged insane person to be of
unsound mind and in need of care or treatment in an asylum, home or retreat, grant an order
for the commitment of such insane ^person to such institution, there to be supported as a

62

NORTHERN MICHIGAN ASYLUM.

private patient. Before making his order committing an insane person as a private
patient to any of the public asylums supported by this State, the judge of probate
shall require the petitioner or friends ol! such insane person to enter into such bond for the
support of such insane person thereat as may be provided by the by-laws thereof, and to pay
such sum to the medical superintendent or treasurer thereof, as an advance payment towards his support as such by-laws may require, which bond shall be signed by at least
two sureties, to be approved by such judge of probate, and said judge of probate at the
request of the medical superintendent of the asylum in which any insane person may be
committed as a private patient, may require such sureties to justify their responsibility
anew or order that a new bond be filed in the pla.ce and instead therefor.
The order of the judge of probate shall be substantially in the following form :
STATE OF MICHIGAN, County of
ss.
At a session of the probate court for the county of
holden at the probate office in the
of
on the
day of
in the year one thousand nine hundred and
Present
.Judge of Probate.
In the matter of
an alleged insane person.
To the Medical Superintendent of the Northern Michigan Asylum:
Having received the certificates of
and
duly qualified medical examiners in insanity, appointed by this court, by whom
of
an alleged insane person, was personally visited and examined, and after notifying the said
of the proceedings to be taken
in h . . . . case, and having taken the testimony of
credible witnesses, and having fully investigated the facts in the case with.... the verdict
of a jury, as to the question of insanity, I, the judge of probate in and for said county, do
find that the said
is insane and a fit person for care and
treatment in the Northern Michigan Asylum.
It is therefore ordered that the said
be removed to the
Northern Michigan Asylum, there to be supported as a private patient.
Judge of Probate.
STATE or MICHIGAN^ County of
ss.
I HEREBY CERTIFY, That the foregoing is a true copy of the original order and certificate
made by said court.
In Witness Whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and affixed the seal of the probate
court at
this
day of
Judge of Probate.
In all cases of proceedings arising under this act, any person aggrieved by any order,
sentence, decree or denial of a judge of probate, may appeal therefrom to the circuit court
for the same county, by filing a notice thereof with the judge of probate within ten days
from the date of the act appealed from, with his reasons for such appeal, together with s\ich
bond as is hereinafter required, and by giving notice of said appeal to the relatives of the
appellant, or person having such alleged insane person in charge, or guardian ad Utem, with
his reasons therefor, in such manner as the probate court shall direct, at least fourteen days
before the same shall be brought on for trial in the circuit court, and within thirty days
after such appeal is taken, filing in the circuit court to which the appeal is taken a certified
copy of the record or proceedings appealed from, and of the notice and reasons for such appeal
and of the bond on appeal filed in the probate court, and of the order directing notice to the
relatives of the appellant, together with evidence that notice has been given to the relatives
of the appellant or person having such alleged insane person in charge, or guardian ad Htem,
according to the order of the probate court: Provided, however, That in all cases where
any person has been adjudged insane under the provisions of this act within two years next
prior to the time when this act shall take effect he or she, within sixty days from
the time when this act shall take effect, may appeal therefrom, to the circuit court
for the same county by giving the notice and bond provided for in this section, and by otherwise complying with the requirements of this section as to giving notice of appeal with reasons
therefor and filing evidence of service thereof and filing in the circuit court to which the appeal is taken certified copies of the proceedings and act appealed from in the probate court.
All such cases shall be tried in the circuit court the same as other appeals from probate court.
The party appealing shall at the time of filing notice thereof, file with the judge of probate
a bond running to the judge of probate of said county, for the use and benefit of any person
who shall be injured by the allowance of such appeal in such penalty and with such surety or

LAWS GOVERNING THE ASYLUM.

63

sureties as the judge of probate may approve, conditioned for the diligent prosecution of
such appeal and the payment of all such damages and costs as shall be awarded to any
person on account of allowance of such appeal in case the person appealing shall fail to
obtain a reversal of the decision so appealed from, and any person injured by the allowance
of such appeal shall have a right of action upon such bond in case the decision so appealed
from is not reversed : Provided., further. The judge of probate shall, if it be made to appear
to his satisfaction necessary and proper so to do, either because such person is so insane as
to be in urgent need of treatment or dangerous to himself, his friends, or the public, grant an
order for the commitment of such insane person to such institution pending the hearing and
determination of such appeal.
Sec. 22. It shall not be lawful for any physician to certify to the insanity of any
person for the purpose of securing his admission to an asylum, unless said physician be of
reputable character, a graduate of some incorporated medical college, a permanent resident
of the State, registered according to law, not related by blood or marriage to the alleged insane
person nor to the person applying for such certificate, and shall have been in the actual practice
of his profession for at least three years ; and such qualifications shall be certified to by the
clerk of the county in which such physician resides. No certificate of insanity shall be made
except after a personal examination of the party alleged to be insane ; and it shall not be
lawful for any physician to certify to the insanity of any person for the purpose of committing him to any asylum of which the said physician is either a trustee, the superintendent, proprietor and officer, or a regular professional attendant. The county clerk's certificate
of qualification, of which there shall be one for each certifying physician, shall be in the
following form:
STATE OF MICHIGAN, County of
ss.
I hereby certify that
of
is personally known to me as a reputable
physician, and is possessed of the qualifications required by Section 22 of Act No. 135 of the
Session Laws of 1885, as amended and now in force, and that, as appears by his oath on file
in my office, he is a graduate of
Medical College, and that he has been in the
practice of medicine for a period of
years, and is registered according to law.
[L. s.]
County -Clerk.

The following blanks have been adopted for the admission of private
patients, with the exception of the order of the probate judge, which is
quoted above:
APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION.
To Hon
county of

judge of probate for the
in the State of Michigan:

of
in said county, respectfully shows that
who is a resident of the
of
in said county, is insane and in need of asylum treatment. That said petitioner will furnish
a bond with sufficient sureties to the Treasurer of the Northern Michigan Asylum at
Traverse City, to guarantee payment of the expense of the maintenance and care of the
said
in said asylum.
That the petitioner is
and is
well acquainted with the pecuniary circumstances of said
and makes this application in behalf of said
that he may be
admitted, on the certificate of said judge of probate, in the Northern Michigan Asylum, and
there supported at private expense, according to the provisions of Act No. 220, of the Laws
of 1889.
Dated

19.

STATE OF MICHIGAN^ County of
the above named applicant
being duly sworn, says that the above application by him signed, is true, as he verily
believes.
Subscribed and sworn to before me this
day of
...A. D. 18...
Judge of Probate.

64

NORTHERN MICHIGAN ASYLUM.
APPOINTMENT OP MEDICAL EXAMINERS.

STATE OF MICHIGAN, County of
ss.
At a session of the probate court.for said county of
held at the
probate office in the
of
on the
day of
, in the year one thousand nine hundred and
Present
Judge of Probate.
In the matter of
an alleged insane person.
Application having been made to this court for an order for the admission of
said alleged insane person to the Northern Michigan Asylum as a private patient,
and
two reputable physicians, qualified medical examiners in insanity, are hereby appointed
to examine said alleged insane person, as to such alleged insanity.
Judge of Probate.
BOND.
Know all Men by These Presents, That we,
and
in the county of
, are held and firmly bound unto
treasurer of the Northern Michigan
Asylum at Traverse City, and his successors in office, in the sum of one thousand dollars,
for the payment of which we jointly and severally bind ourselves, our heirs, executors
and administrators by these presents.
WHEREAS,
of the
of
in the county of
, an insane
person has been admitted as a patient into the Northern Michigan Asylum at Traverse
City.
Now, therefore, the condition of this obligation is that if the said obligors shall pay the
treasurer of said asylum, the sum of
dollars and
cents per week, for the
care and board of said insane person so long as
shall continue in said asylum, with
such extra charges as may be occasioned by
requiring more than ordinary care and attention, and also provide
with suitable clothing, and pay for all such necessary
articles'of clothing as shall be purchased for
by the steward of the asylum
a statement of which, by the steward, shall be taken as conclusive, and is hereby agreed
to by the undersigned, and remove
whenever the room occupied by
shall be
required for a class of patients having preference by law, and also pay for all damages that
may do to the furniture or other property of said asylum, and for reasonable
charges in case of elopement, and funeral charges in case of death ; such payments for board
and clothing to be made quarterly, and at the time of removal, then this obligation to become
void, otherwise to remain in force.
Sealed with our seals and dated the
day of
in the year 19 —
[L. s.1
[L. s.]

Signed and sealed in the presence of
I HEREBY CERTIFY, That I am personally acquainted with
and
signers of the above bond, and consider either of them
fully responsible for the prompt discharge of its obligations.
STATE OF MICHIGAN, County of
ss.
and
of the
in said
county, sureties named in the within and foregoing bond, being duly sworn depose and say
that they are each
worth in unincumbered property not exempt
from execution under the laws of this State, the sum of one thousand dollars after
payment of all just debts, claims and liabilities.

Subscribed and sworn to before me, this

day of

Notary Public in and for

19
County, Mich.

LAWS GOVERNING TNE ASYLUM.

65

PHYSICIAN'S CERTIFICATE.
STATE OF MICHIGAN, County of
KS.
In the Probate Court for paid County.
In the matter of the application of
in behalf of
an alleged
insane person praying' that he may be admitted to the Northern Michigan Asylum.
I,
a permanent resident of
in the county aforesaid, being a graduate of
and
having practiced as a physician
years, hereby certify under oath, that on the
day of
19
acting under the direction and by the appointment of the Hon
, Judge of Probate for the county of
1 personally visited and examined
of
, a1
aged
years, by occupation a
, and2
, and that the said
is
insane, and a proper person for care and treatment, under the provision of Section 21 of
Act No. 135 of the Session Laws of 1885, and acts amendatory thereto.
I further certify, That I have formed this opinion upon the following grounds, viz.:
[Here insert delusion, insane conduct or other evidences of insanity.]

And I further certify and declare, That I am not related by blood or marriage to said
insane person, or to the person applying for the certificate, and that I am not a trustee, the
superintendent, proprietor and officer, or a regular professional attendant of the Northern
Michigan Asylum, and that my qualifications as a Medical Examiner in Insanity1 have
been duly attested and certified by
clerk of
county.
(Signed)
M. D.
Sworn and subscribed to before me, this
day of
, 19....
Judge of Probate.

COUNTY CLERK'S CERTIFICATE OF QUALIFICATION.*
STATE OF MICHIGAN, County of
ss.
I hereby certify that
of
is personally known to me as a reputable physician, and is possessed of the qualifications
required by Section 22 of Act No. 135 of the Session Laws of 1885, as amended and now in
force, and that, as appears by his oath on file in my office, he 4s a graduate of
Medical College, and that he has been in the practice of medicine for a period of
years, and is registered according to law.
County Clerk.
[L. s.]

Patients are transferred from private to county charge in compliance
with the provisions of the following section:
Sec. 24. When any insane person in indigent circumstances shall have been maintained by
his friends in the asylum as a private patient, for three months, and the superintendent of
the asylum shall certify that he is insane and requires further treatment, the judge of probate,
on application by the friends of such patient, shall determine the question of indigence, and
also investigate the estate, income, annuity or pension of such insane person and the ability
of his relatives legally liable for his support, according to the provisions of the preceding
section with or without further evidence of insanity, as in his discretion he may think best,
1Male or
2 Married,

female.
single, widowed or divorced.
*See Public Act No. 220, Laws of 1889.
9

66

NORTHERN

MICHIGAN ASYLUM.

and if the indigence be established, he shall make an order authorizing the admission of such
patient into the asylum as a county or State charge, according to the provisions of the
preceding section, together with such other orders for the application of the estate, income,
annuity or pension of such insane person to his support and for the payment to the county
treasurer for his support by relatives legally liable therefor, as is provided in the preceding
section, and shall certify the same to the Secretary of State if he or she is made a State
charge, and shall report the same to the board of supervisors, if he or she is made a county
charge, as required by the preceding section, and the patient as in other cases of indigence
shall be supported at the asylum at the expense of the State or of the county to which he or she
may belong, as provided in the preceding section, until restored, or if a county charge for a
period of not exceeding two years.

Insane members of the Michigan Soldiers' Home can be committed to
the insane asylums according to the provisions of Act No. 47, Laws of
1895.
Indigent patients can be committed to private asylums within the
State in accordance with the provisions of Section 1945d of Third Howell's Annotated Statutes of Michigan, as amended bv Section 4, Public
Acts No. 84, Laws of 1895.
THE REMOVAL OF PATIENTS TO THE ASYLUM.

In conveying a patient to the asylum do not deceive him. -Truth should
not be compromised by professing a visit to the institution, and, on arrival,
suggesting to the patient the idea of staying, when his admission has
already been decided upon; nor should patients be induced to come and
"stay a few days to see how they like it," under the impression that they
can leave at pleasure. This course not only destroys confidence in
friends, but also in the officers of the asylum, by giving patients an impression that they are parties to the deception.
Removal to the asylum should never be attempted when the patient is
much prostrated or laboring under severe "bodily illness, and care should
be taken that the excitement attending acute mental disease be not mistaken for physical strength.
The attention of county officers is particularly directed to the requirements of the following section in reference to a female attendant, clothing, etc.:
Sec. 35. All town and county officers sending a patient to the asylum, shall, before
sending him, see that he is in a state of perfect bodily cleanliness, and is comfortably
clothed and provided with suitable changes of raiment as prescribed in the by-laws of the
asylum, and shall provide a female attendant, of reputable character and mature age, for a
female patient or patients, unless accompanied by her husband, father, brother or son. Any
person or officer who shall bring a female patient to the asylum in violation of the last preceding provision of this section or who shall, under the provisions of law, or otherwise, bring
or accompany any patient to the asylum, and not in due time deliver him into the lawful
care and custody of the proper officers of the asylum, taking his receipt therefor, provided
lie be admitted, or who shall wilfully leave, abandon, neglect or abuse such patient, either
in going to or returning from the asylum, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and on
conviction shall be liable to a fine not exceeding two hundred and fifty dollars, or to imprisonment not exceeding one year, or to both, in the discretion of the court, before which the
conviction shall be had.
REMOVAL OP UNRECOVERED PATIENTS.

An unrecovered patient may be removed from the asylum in accordance with the following by-law adopted by the board of trustees January
18,1888:

LAWS GOVERNING THE ASYLUM.

67

An unrecovered patient supported at private or county expense may
be allowed to leave the asylum on trial, with the approval of the medical
superintendent, under the charge of a guardian, relative, or friends, and
may he received back without the formality of a new order; provided,
that the period of absence be not longer than six months.
It is necessary, however, that in each instance a new bond be furnished
upon the return of the patient.
Indigent or pauper patients may be removed from the asylum in
accordance with Section 33, Act No. 177, Laws of 1897. In accordance
with Section 38 of the same act, superintendents are, when the asylum is
overcrowded, empowered to discriminate in the reception of patients,
favoring those that are most in need of asylum care and treatment.
CLOTHING.
As friends of patients are often in doubt as to what articles of clothing it is necessary to provide, the following suggestions are made:
Male patients require 3 new shirts, 1 new and substantial coat and vest,
2 pairs pantaloons, 3 pairs socks, 2 pairs drawers, 2 undershirts, 1 hat or
cap, 1 cravat, 3 collars, 6 handkerchiefs, 1 pair of shoes or boots, 1 pair
slippers, 1 overcoat.
Female patients should have 3 calico dresses, 3 chemises, 3 pairs
drawers, 4 pairs hose, 3 night-dresses, 3 cotton-flannel skirts, 6 handkerchiefs, 4 collars, 1 pair shoes, 1 pair slippers, 1 shawl or cloak, 1 hat, hood
or nubia, 4 aprons.
The outfit should be liberal when circumstances permit. As nearly all
the patients go regularly into the open air each day, it is desirable that
they be furnished with clothing of a character to enable them to go comfortably in all weather, and also to appear at little social gatherings.
When desired, articles of clothing, etc., will be furnished at the institution. Jewelry should not be brought with patients. If such articles
are left in their possession the asylum cannot be responsible for their
safe keeping.
CORRESPONDENCE.

All letters concerning patients, from individuals having the right to
make inquiry, will be answered at once; and friends are promptly advised of any severe illness, accident, or event of moment or interest. The
postofflce and telegraphic addresses of one correspondent in each case are
recorded, to whom such communications are sent. Letters are frequently
received to which replies cannot be mailed, for the reason that the postofflce address is not clearly given. A little care on the part of friends will
often save them disappointment and the asylum unmerited censure. Information concerning inmates will not be given to casual visitors, except
at the written request of friends.
MEDICAL HISTORY.

Application for admission should be made before the patient is brought
to the asylum, and the following facts should be furnished when possible,
in reference to his case:
1. Please state the name, residence, age, nativity, civil condition, occupation, education and religion.

68

NORTHERN MICHIGAN

ASYLUM.

2. Give facts pertaining to family history.
3. Speak of any physical pecularities or defects, of the habits as a
child, and later as an adult; state the temperament, disposition and
tastes; the success in business; if addicted to the use of liquor, opium or
tobacco; if the patient has any vicious habits.
4. State if the patient has ever had convulsions, or any previous attack of insanity, the age at time of attack; its character, duration and
the treatment employed; if sent to an asylum, state where, and the result
of treatment. Give the particulars of subsequent attacks.
5. State the supposed cause or causes of the attack, also any facts that
will throw light upon the case.
6. State the date of the first indication of any change in the usual
condition, habits, disposition, or temper of the patient. What was the
change ? What was the physical condition ? Give the subsequent history
of the attack and the treatment employed.
7. Give full particulars of every attempt to injure self or others;
whether in any way destructive, or careless and uncleanly in habits.
8. If it has been necessary to use restraint or confinement, state in
what form and for how long a time.
9. Give present condition. Physically—whether in usual health, or
feeble and emaciated; pulse, respiration, appearance of pupils, whether
equally dilated. Voice, whether natural, or if there is any unnatural
hesitancy or stammering while speaking; appetite, sleep, digestion, hearing, sight; if there is any evidence of paralysis, or loss of power or of
control of muscles.
Mentally—if excited or quiet, pleasant or moody and irritable, the character of the delusions, how occupied during the day.
10. Give name and address of attending physician.
If the case will admit of delay, blanks for this history will be furnished on application.
Idiots are especially exccpted ~by law from the benefits of the asylum and
cannot under any circumstances be received.

All correspondence in reference to patients may be addressed to Dr.
James D. Munson, Northern Michigan Asylum, Traverse City.

INDEX.

INDEX.

Addition to library
Accounts, classification of
-Accounts, current
Acknowledgments
_
Additional buildings, recommendations for....
Additional buildings built
Admissions of private patients
Admisison of indigent and pauper patients...
Admissions and discharges
Age of patients. Table
Appropriations, report on
Civil conditions. Table
Clinical groups. Table
Classification. Table
,.
Correspondence
Cost of maintenance
Clothing
Chapel services
Duration of disease. Table
Deaths, causes, etc
Estimates of special appropriations
Existing causes. Table
Farm and garden products
_.
Farm and garden
Fire proof vault
Form of disease. Table
Government of the asylum
Heredity. Table
Home for woman nurses
Hospital for tuberculous women patients
Improvements
Increased accommodations
Inventory, summary of
Land, purchase of.
Medical work
Medical history
._
Movement of population. Tables
..
Nativity of patients. Table.
Names of officers and employes, etc..
Needs of the asylum
New boiler
OfficersOccupations. Table
_
Pathological laboratory of the Michigan asylum
Pathological work
Report of trustees
,

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12
24-5
17-83
50
49
&
57
61
32
43
49
43
42
36
67
7
67
50
42
33
46
44
29
15
11
33
57
39
11
12
8
11
31
10
37
67
7
41
51
II
10
3,15
40
11
37
5

72

NORTHERN MICHIGAN- ASYLUM.

Report of treasurer.Report of medical superintendent
..
Report of stewardReport of auditing committee
Report of the State Board of Corrections and Charities...
Removal of patients to asylum
Repairs to roof
Receipts and disbursements
Residence of patients. Table
Special appropriations
Support of patients by counties

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32
26
25
49
66
10
15
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